A Study On The Utilitarian Tendency Of The Concept Of "Virtue" In Zuo Zhuan

The study of the academic community has already written a lot of research on the concept of “morality” in the pre-Qin period.It is more concentrated in the study of the evolution of the concept of “morality” to show a process of conceptual history from Zhou Wen’s tradition to Confucian Confucianism.For Zuo Zhuan’s research on the utilitarian tendency itself is rare.By inspecting the text of the “Zuo Zhuan” text,this article tries to sort out the utilitarian tendency of the concept of “morality”.The Spring and Autumn Period was a period of rule by the concept of “virtue”.The idea penetrated into all aspects.This article focuses on the three main lines of the country,clan,and individuals,and respectively to study the utilitarian tendency of the “virtue”concept in the “Zuo Zhuan”.In the past,the understanding and research of the “virtue” of “Zuo Zhuan” pay more attention to morality,and the research on its utilitarianity is insufficient.It is two sides of the same thing.The "profit" here is not the material interests in traditional cognition,but the overall interests under the coordination of the subjects,including the freedom and joy of spiritual freedom.Under this definition,the utilitarian tendency of the concept of “virtue” is self-evident.In the text of “Zuo Zhuan”,the utilitarianity of “virtue” in many places is involved in the three subjects of the country,clan,and individuals.At the national level,“virtue” first related to the vassal country seeking destiny.During the Spring and Autumn Period,as a key stage from the worship of ghosts and gods to humanistic rationality,the people’s thoughts had a very unique expression,that is,the belief of the ghosts and gods coexisted with human reason and mixed,To obtain God’s destiny and the blessing of ghosts and gods,the premise is to cultivate morality and the people as the Lord of the people.“By the sky”,obtaining God’s care and the blessing of ghosts and gods;secondly,“virtue” also affects the victory and defeat of the war.In the cognition of people in the spring and autumn,“virtue” ranks first among key factors affecting the victory and defeat of the war.If The monarch does not cultivate morality,and cannot win during the war of conquest.Only by repairing virtue can you “have weak attack and faint”,and to protect the community when facing the invasion;again,“virtue” also affects the diplomatic and alliance between the vassal states.The theme of diplomatic and international relations during the Spring and Autumn Period is hegemony politics,and the ducts are constant alliances,and the overlord is the main alliance.Soothing so that the princes are“fearful to please Huaide”,and sometimes even the combination of two means of crusade and Huairou as “demonstration”,naturally there is “no virtue,why is the master alliance?” It will affect the perception of the “gentleman” class of the enemy country,and ultimately affect the results of the war and the political and military development of the country.At the clan level,“DE” first affects whether the clan can govern.During the Spring and Autumn Period,the political individuals were attached to the clan.In fact,the governors are often the clan group represented by the clan.In terms of the problem,it is mainly afraid that “virtue” is the standard for the Chinese essentials,but the Zhao Dunzi Zhao Dun and the lack of;Shi Qing,or because of “virtue”,is exempted from the destroyer.Secondly,the “virtue” affects the rise and fall of the clan: During the Spring and Autumn Period,as a period of violent social changes,the rise and fall of the clan had a lot of rise and fall.In the late Spring and Autumn Period,the three family members of the Jin and Tian family replaced the male clan.In the narrative of “Zuo Zhuan”,the key to this transformation is that the doctor “Schide”and the public “lost virtue”,so it has led to the transformation of the human heart.In addition,the rise and fall of ordinary clans is also closely related to “virtue”.Taking the lack of families as an example,the lack of “San Xi” two generations formed a sharp contrast,but the lack of field labor was enlightened and used as the public.“There is virtue”,and the sudden death of the “three but” is caused by the loss of“virtue”.At the personal level,“virtue” is first related to the appropriate treatment of interests to ensure the maximum benefits of the overall interests in restraint.The pursuit of interests itself is justified.Even if Confucius said,“rich can been seeking;although the whip is a man of the whip,I do it,but the excessive pursuit of wealth will hurt themselves,so that they will be destroyed by the dead”.Qingshi is the best example,so it is necessary to use the “Zhengde to Temper interests” to control the benefits within a reasonable range to maximize the reality.Secondly,"virtue" is also related to the realization of personal spiritual pursuit.In the previous research of academic circles on “righteousness” and “benefits”,it is rare to discuss one of the spiritual pursuit of personal spirit as “benefits”.The moral pleasure brought by it must be considered as a benefit.The so-called “three immortalities” pursuit proposed by Shu Sun Bao is far above the world of the world.Secondly,there is a saying.“Such a personal pursuit of realization must be morality to achieve immortality.The study of the concept of “virtue” based on “Zuo Zhuan” is also a lot in the academic community,but this view of the utilitarian tendency of the concept of“virtue” in “Zuo Zhuan” is not common in the academic community.A new perspective to examine the evolution of the concept of “morality” in the historical process.With a more comprehensive understanding of the original appearance of the history of the concept of “virtue”.