Study On Neolithic Bone Tools In Yongjiang River Basin

The Yongjiang River Basin is the area with the highest concentration of Neolithic shell mound sites,and the first named prehistoric archaeological culture in Guangxi,the Dingjishan Culture,was found here.After the last glacial period,the Yongjiang River Basin ushered in good conditions suitable for the survival and development of prehistoric humans.Plenty of sunlight,abundant rainfall,lush plants and animal breeding provide survival needs.Prehistoric humans settled here and made full use of natural resources to meet the needs of production and life.The stable ecological environment provided sufficient aggregate resources for prehistoric humans.In this context,with the continuous advancement of the times,new production content continues to give birth to new production needs,the number and types of bone tools increase,production technology continues to improve,from making to grinding,and then polishing,the shadow of human progress is portrayed on bone tools,creating conditions for future generations to understand the prehistoric culture of this period.Bone tools are an important part of human use artifacts in the Neolithic period,and production tools and life decoration bone tools coexist in the Yongjiang River Basin.Tapered bone tools have an absolute advantage,which is closely related to the diet of Neolithic humans,and bone cones and bone needles participate in the eating of shellfish,snails and mussel molluscs.Fishing and hunting tools such as bone scythes,bone spears,bone fish hooks,and agricultural tools such as bone gongs,bone axes,and bone shovels provide the possibility of diversifying the dietary structure of prehistoric humans.The comparison of Neolithic bone tools in the Yongjiang River and Yujiang and Lijiang River basins shows that bone tools were used earlier in cave sites for production and life,and shell mound sites have different emphasis on the utilization of animal bones based on different productivity levels.The use of bone tools by people in different watersheds reflects the adaptability of people to the local ecological environment.From the use of bone tools to feed on the stomach,make clothes to cover the body,and then to the production of bone tool ornaments,Neolithic humans in the Yongjiang River Basin based on the practical functions of bone tools added the function of decoration,forming a bone tool structure with its own characteristics.In the early and middle Neolithic period,the production mode of the Yongjiang River Basin was mainly based on fishing,hunting and gathering economy,and in the late Neolithic period,the introduction of rice farming technology accelerated the development of agricultural economy and gradually transformed into a socio-economic form dominated by agricultural economy.