Research On The Asymmetry Of "Shang" "Xia" Compound Words And Its Teaching Of Chinese As A Second Language

In Chinese vocabulary,there are words with opposite meanings,some of which are symmetrical,such as "go to classs " "finish class",and some are asymmetric,such as "on the floor " "under the soil".No matter as morphemes or words,"shang" and "xia" have antisense symmetry when their meanings are opposite.There are many problems in the acquisition of "Shang" and "Xia",which have opposite meanings for target language learners.Teaching asymmetric words is a major difficulty in international Chinese education.So far,the academic research on it mainly focuses on "Shang" and "Xia" as location words and verbs,which cannot meet the needs of international Chinese education.Based on academic research,this study uses error analysis,comparative analysis and other methods to analyze and study the symmetry and asymmetry of "Shang" and "Xia" compound words from the perspective of international Chinese education.First of all,this research from the Angle of theory of cognitive linguistics and metaphor,as a morpheme,word "Shang" and "Xia" when under the meaning of compound words,choose the international Chinese education Chinese level standard vocabulary "outline of the" Shang "" Xia" as the research object,mainly described them as morpheme,blackboard and ask the phrase word asymmetry phenomenon.It is found that the combination of "Shang" and "Xia" is objectively restricted by the inherent meaning of the word meaning and subjectively affected by social background and psychological factors.Secondly,this study analyzes the use of "Shang" and "Xia" by Chinese target language learners,and collects the errors when they acquire "Shang" and"Xia" group words as morphemes,locators and verbs from HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus 2.0,analyzes and summarizes the types of errors,and further analyzes the causes of the errors: The complexity of "Shang" and "Xia" meanings,cognitive language bias and the influence of teaching strategies.Thirdly,this study makes a concrete analysis of the four aspects of "Shang" and "Xia" as morpheme,location word and verb word frequency,annotation and sequence arrangement,and practice design in the three sets of comprehensive series of "Developing Chinese".It is found that the frequency of "Shang"is higher than that of "Xia".There is a lack of asymmetric annotation of "Shang" and"Xia",and concrete spatial meanings appear first and abstract metaphorical meanings later in the sequence arrangement.The practice design is not reasonable,and then for the compilation of the textbook to strengthen the frequency of "Xia",increase the "Shang"and "Xia" asymmetrical notes and exercises arrangement suggestions.Finally,this study adopts teaching methods such as contrast method,scenario method,behavior and action demonstration method,picture method,such as teaching design for symmetry and asymmetry when "Shang" "Xia" are used as morpheme locators and verb phrases.