Gift Giving And Literary Writing Of Scholar-Officials In The Northern Song Dynasty

The Song Dynasty was an era of social intercourse.The social intercourse activities of scholars developed a routine and elegant form,and various forms of social intercourse activities produced a large number of social poems.This paper takes the poetry texts in the gift activities of the intellectuals in the Northern Song Dynasty as the basic materials to investigate their gift and literary writing.From the three dimensions of goods flow,poetry exchange and interpersonal interaction,the literature and culture field generated by the interaction of goods,discourse and subjects in gift giving activities is restored.This paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter summarizes the gifts of the scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty.On the basis of inheriting the social atmosphere of the intellectuals in the middle and late Tang Dynasty,the gifts of the intellectuals in the Northern Song Dynasty showed remarkable daily characteristics.The concrete manifestation is the daily use of gifts;The spontaneity of gift time,the frequent frequency and the generalization of occasion;The openness and diversity of gift objects.Gifts became a part of the daily life and communication of the Northern Song scholars.In the Northern Song Dynasty,the gift of goods developed a delicate and complex communicative culture,which was presented as the flow of goods,the exchange of poems and the interpersonal interaction.The second chapter starts from the dimension of objects,taking the gifts of Fang objects,beautiful objects and Qing objects as examples,analyzes the types of objects,the writing of objects and the cultural atmosphere in the gifts,and describes the overall picture of the gifts of the intellectuals in the Northern Song Dynasty.Local objects are local objects.Scholars obtain local objects mainly through the gift network composed of interpersonal relationships.The writing of Chinese objects in gift activities shows a distinct regional consciousness and strong natural history interest.Beautiful objects are all kinds of valuable objects of the study.In the process of gift,the objects of the study were endowed with the symbolic meaning of talent and carried the identity consciousness of scholars.Pure objects are daily objects.The daily objects presented by scholars have the aesthetic characteristics of "pure".In the process of gifting,pure objects are integrated into the official discourse of Jinshi and become the material presentation of the daily human relations world with real taste.The third chapter,from the perspective of poetry,analyzes the communicative function,the way of exchange and the writing mode of poetry in the gift activities of the Northern Song Dynasty.In the Northern Song Dynasty,the phenomenon of correspondence and poetry existed in the gift activities of scholars.Poetry absorbed the modest expression and writing set of correspondence and assumed the function of correspondence.Secondly,poetry participates in the specific links of giving,thanking and asking for things,and has specific writing norms in different gifting situations.Poetry is also endowed with materialized value while participating in giving things.Finally,subject to the social needs,the poetry of goods gift uses and changes the expression set in the gift writing tradition,forming a communicative centered content structure and a specific writing Angle.The fourth chapter,starting from the human dimension,investigates the social forms formed by interpersonal interaction in the gift activities of the scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty.The gifting activities centered on Mei Yaochen and Shao Yong formed a one-way interpersonal circle of gifting among scholars.The difference in the identity of the two parties to the gift is the basis of the one-way gift mode.The meaning of friends is the theme of the interpersonal interaction in the circle of one-way gift.The self-image shaping and the formation of private discourse in the poetry interaction become the way to maintain the private friendship.The gifting activities centered on Li Chang and Wang Zhifang formed a multi-gifting interpersonal network among scholars.Li Chang’s giftgiving circle had an obvious literati nature,and poetry singing became the center of giftgiving activities.Wang Zhifang built a circle of famous friends with flowers as the medium through multiple gifts.Two people gift circle interpersonal interaction,showing a very elegant appearance.In Yuanyou period and relegation period,the activities of Sumen people’s gifts giving showed different characteristics,revealing the form and function of goods giving in the interaction of literati groups.