A Quantitative Stylistic And Comparative Study Of Oral Historical Interview,Ethnographic Interview And News Interview

Oral history interview focuses on historical events in the past,ethnographic interview focuses on cultural customs of a certain group,and news interview focuses on hot news.Although the three interviews are conducted in the way of oral communication,there are obvious differences among them in the situational context.Influenced by the situational context,they also show different features in register.We analyzed the differences of these three types of interviews in situational context and register,with the research approaches of measurement and comparison.These three types of interviews have similarities and differences in situational context.From the perspective of purpose,oral history interview is to explore details and reproduce history.Ethnographic interview is to record and study the cultural customs of a certain group.News interview is to comment on news events and guide the audience’s values.From the perspective of purpose,oral history interview is to discover details and reproduce history.Ethnographic interview is to record and study the cultural customs of a certain group.News interview is to comment on news events and guide the audience’s values.The topics of oral history interview are broad,detailed,individual and historical.The topics of ethnographic interview are concentrated,with regional,group and ethnic characteristics.The topic of news interview is the most concentrated,with timeliness,authenticity and sociality.From the perspective of interviewees,the age of interviewees in oral history interview is concentrated,and the average age is older.The age of ethnographic interview and news interview is relatively dispersed,and the average age is younger.The educational level of the interviewees in oral history interview and ethnographic interview is relatively dispersed and their educational level is generally low.The distribution of education level of interviewees in news interviews is relatively concentrated and their education level is generally high.From the perspective of communication scenes and channels,the scenes of oral history interview and ethnographic interview are relatively closed.Face-to-face communication is mostly adopted in interviews.interviewers and interviewees share time and space.The place of news interview is relatively open.Besides face-to-face communication,news interview also adopts telephone,video connection and other ways.We selected 61 linguistic parameters.There are 38 linguistic parameters with no significant differences among these three types of interviews.Combined with the situational context,we find that there are similarities among the three at the linguistic level.They all have the characteristics of written register,the sentence structure is relatively complex and complete,and all focusing on providing specific information.All three are narrative.There are 23 linguistic parameters with significant differences among these three types of interviews.Combined with the situational context,we find that there are differences among the three at the linguistic level.Oral history interview and ethnographic interview have a high degree of oral register,the words are simple,straightforward,easy to understand,while news interview has a high degree of written register,the words are relatively formal.Oral history interview pays more attention to emotional expressing,which is more informative and interactive,and its logical argumentation is much weaker.Ethnographic interview focuses on stating objective facts,but is weak in information,logical argumentation and interaction.News interviews also focuses on stating objective facts,but news interviews have stronger logical argumentation and interaction,but relatively weak information,and the information is relatively weak.