Research On The Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Two-way Talent Flow Pattern Between Urban And Rural Areas In Hubei Province

Currently,human society has entered a new era dominated by innovative development,and the role of talent in regional development is becoming increasingly important.Under the background of intense competition for talents,the increasing demand for talents in various regions has intensified the regional flow and competition of talents.The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also clearly proposes to implement the rural revitalization strategy,establish and improve the institutional mechanism and policy system for urban-rural integration and development,and strive to promote the two-way flow and equal exchange of talents,land,capital,and other factors between urban and rural areas.Rural areas,as the marginal nodes of urban and rural areas,are an important source of population and resources,becoming a hot spot for talent competition.However,due to the relatively backward economic development in rural areas,infrastructure and public services cannot meet the demand for high-end talents,and they are at a disadvantage in the talent competition.Therefore,sorting out and studying the twoway talent flow network between urban and rural areas is of great significance for ensuring regional talent security and promoting the construction of a reasonable,fair,smooth,and orderly talent supply pattern.With the implementation of a series of national policies to encourage talents to return to their hometown,the flow of talents between urban and rural areas has gradually shifted from the traditional one-way flow from rural to urban to two-way flow between urban and rural areas.However,currently,there is no standard and mature research method for the two-way talent flow network and formation mechanism between urban and rural areas.Based on China Migrants Dynamic Survey data and China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database talent resume data,this study introduces complex network analysis tools,spatial analysis,resume analysis,case analysis,and statistical analysis to analyze and summarize the characteristics of the two-way talent flow pattern between urban and rural areas in Hubei Province.Finally,QAP testing is used to test and identify key factors affecting the two-way talent flow between urban and rural areas in Hubei Province,with a view to forming a replicable and promotable technical solution.The research results show that:(1)The two-way talent flow network between urban and rural areas in Hubei Province has gradually developed and improved,with the strengthening of talent flow links between nodes,and the edge nodes connecting into the talent flow network.The two-way talent flow network between urban and rural areas in Hubei Province has obvious small world characteristics and scale-free characteristics;(2)The two-way flow of talents between urban and rural areas in Hubei Province is mainly rural to urban,with less urban to rural flow.After 2010,the flow of talents between urban and rural areas has increased rapidly,with a gradually increasing proportion;(3)Wuhan City is the center of talent gathering in urban and rural areas of Hubei Province,occupying a dominant position in the network.At the same time,Wuhan City has strong ties with secondary core cities,playing an important role as a bridge and intermediary in the network.Secondary core cities such as Yichang City,Xiangyang City,and Shiyan City play an important role in talent inflow and outflow,and are key nodes in the two-way talent flow network between urban and rural areas in Hubei Province.In general,counties and districts in Hubei Province,the two-way flow of talent between urban and rural areas mainly focuses on talent output,with less talent input,making them the marginal nodes of talent flow between urban and rural areas in Hubei Province;(4)The two-way talent flow network between urban and rural areas in the Western Hubei ecotourism cultural circle and the Wuhan urban circle has shown a trend of gradual connectivity,with the network density evolving from sparse to dense.The regional urban-rural talent flow is gradually frequent,the scope of the flow area is rapidly expanding,and the number of nodes participating in the urban-rural talent flow has increased significantly.However,there are significant differences in the flow between the two regions.The evolution speed of the network of the Western Hubei Ecotourism Cultural Circle is slower than that of the Wuhan Urban Circle,and the patterns of urban-rural talent flow are different.At the same time period,the urbanrural talent flow of the Western Hubei Ecotourism Cultural Circle mainly flows into the Wuhan Urban Circle,while the flow into other cities in the region is relatively small.At the same time period,the Wuhan Urban Circle mainly focuses on the mutual flow of members in the region,Relatively few people flow into the ecological tourism cultural circle in western Hubei;(5)There is a small difference in talent flow preferences among different education levels,gender,and age,with the flow space mainly pointing to Wuhan City.Different individual characteristics have similarities in the selection of flowing regions,mainly flowing to Wuhan City,Yichang City,and Xiangyang City.From the perspective of education level,the early stage of mobility is dominated by junior college,high school/technical secondary school,while the later stage is dominated by junior college and undergraduate education.The proportion of talent mobility in senior high school/technical secondary school is relatively large,with relatively few graduate degrees;From the perspective of gender,the early two-way flow of talent between urban and rural areas was dominated by men.With the increase of mobile talent,the proportion of female mobile talent gradually increased;In terms of age,rural talent flows are more frequent between the ages of 21 and 40 and among other age groups.The distribution of talent flows at various age groups varies greatly in time,but they mainly flow to Wuhan City;(6)Economic development level,industrial structure,abundance of public resources,geographical spatial distance,intellectual abundance,internationalization level,informatization level,and industrial level are key factors that affect the two-way flow of urban and rural talents in Hubei Province.The influence of the same influencing factor is different in different time sections,and the influence of different influencing factors varies greatly in the same time section.This article proposes three suggestions:(1)Hubei Province should accelerate the construction of a market-oriented talent flow mechanism,implement more active,open,and effective talent policies,accelerate the economic construction of marginal node areas,narrow the regional economic development gap,and promote the rational layout and coordinated development of talent regions;(2)Hubei Province needs to further coordinate urban and rural development,establish an effective two-way flow mechanism,and provide policy support for talents returning to their hometowns for entrepreneurship.At the same time,according to the actual situation,develop rural industries,optimize and adjust the structure of rural industries,increase the cultivation of rural talents,so that rural areas can attract,retain,and cultivate talents;(3)The government of Hubei Province should actively improve the transport infrastructure and logistics system between urban and rural areas,so that talents and resources can flow more freely and quickly between urban and rural areas.At the same time,it should coordinate the development of regional science,education and cultural undertakings,and narrow the differences in intellectual abundance between regions.