The Structure,Characteristics And Social Adjustment Function Of Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition(JiaFeng) In The New Era: Exploration Of Psychological Measurement

Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition(Jia Feng)is the epitome of the value of Chinese excellent traditional culture.It is the moral code and code of conduct passed down from generation to generation in the family.Traditional Family Tradition profoundly influences and shapes the behavior habits,values and moral cultivation of family members,especially adolescents,and is closely related to adolescents’ social adjustment.At present,the development of Traditional Family Tradition measurement tools lags behind,leading to the lack of empirical studies on the relationship between Traditional Family Tradition and social adjustment of adolescents.Therefore,the main task of this study is to construct the structure of Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition.By combining the theoretical analysis of Chinese philosophical classics with the empirical analysis of modern psychological approaches,this study preliminarily attempts to construct a tool measuring the Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition perceived by adolescents and investigating the characteristics and social adjustment functions of the Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition perceived by adolescents.Study 1: Firstly,items were generated in two ways,one was adapted from three Chinese philosophical classics,the other was collected by qualitative study(semi-structured interview and open questionnaire).Then,the structure of Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition was explored and validated by factor analysis and reliability and validity analysis.The results demonstrated that:(1)The Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition perceived by adolescents is a multi-dimensional structure,composed of four factors: “moral cultivation”,“family harmony and parenting”,“diligence and learning”,“interpersonal relationship”.They describe adolescents’ values,moral character attributes and codes of conduct related to themselves,family,school and society.Among them,the two sub-dimensions of “moral cultivation” and “diligence and learning” mainly correspond to the cultivation of internal cultivation(moral education and intellectual education),while the items of “family harmony and parenting” and“interpersonal relationship” mainly correspond to the cultivation of external interpersonal communication skills;(2)The questionnaire “Perceived Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition”(youth edition)meets the requirements of psychometrics and is an effective assessment tool suitable for the study of the Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition perceived by adolescents.The four-factor structure has good reliability,convergent validity,discriminant validity,criterion-related validity,and content validity.Each dimension of Traditional Family Tradition is significantly related to the criterion variables of parenting and adolescents’ values.Study 2: The questionnaire “Perceived Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition”(youth edition)compiled by Study 1 was used to investigate the characteristics of perceived Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition among adolescents with different genders,grades,family structure and family socioeconomic status.We explored the latent profiles of Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition perceived by adolescents,the predictive factors of the latent profiles of Traditional Family Tradition,and the relationship between the latent profiles of Traditional Family Tradition and adolescents’ social adjustment.The results demonstrated that:(1)there were significant differences in the perceived Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition perceived by adolescents in different grades,family structure and family socioeconomic status;(2)There were six latent profiles of Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition perceived by adolescents: “high level-Internal and external equilibrium”(42.3%),“medium level-family harmony and interpersonal relationship”(23.9%),“medium level-heavy moral heavy wisdom”(12.3%),“medium low level-heavy wisdom”(8.6%),“medium low level-equilibrium”(9.8%),“low level-family harmony”(3.1%).The overall high,medium,and low levels of Traditional Family Tradition were considered in the naming,as well as the dominant sub-dimensions within each potential category.(3)Grade,family structure and family socioeconomic status significantly predicted the latent profiles of Chinese Excellent Traditional Family Tradition perceived by adolescents,showing that: compared with the high level-internal and external equilibrium,the students in the junior two and those with high family socioeconomic status were more likely to belong to the high level-internal and external equilibrium.The students in junior two and senior two are more likely to belong to the medium level-heavy moral heavy wisdom.Senior one and senior two students are more likely to belong to the medium low level-heavy wisdom;Senior one and senior two students,single parent families and reorganized families are more likely to belong to the medium low level-equilibrium and medium low level-equilibrium.(4)Adolescents belonging to the high level-Internal and external equilibrium showed the most positive adjustment behavior and the least negative adjustment behavior.(5)The adolescents belonging to the medium level-family harmony and interpersonal relationship and the medium level-heavy moral heavy wisdom showed more positive adjustment behaviors,but the adolescents belonging to the medium level-heavy moral heavy wisdom showed more negative adjustment behaviors than those belonging to the medium level-family harmony and interpersonal relationship.(6)Adolescents belonging to medium low level-heavy wisdom,medium low level-equilibrium,and low level-family harmony had less positive adjustment behavior,especially adolescents belonging to low level-family harmony had the least positive adjustment behavior,and the three had the same level of negative adjustment behavior.These findings verify the multidimensional structure of Jia Feng,reflect the cultural inheritance and gradual change of the structure of Jia Feng,expand the connotation of parenting behaviors under Confucian culture,and reveal the characteristics,profiles and social adjustment functions of Jia Feng perceived by adolescents.It provides some targeted education suggestions and strategies for Jia Feng education and adolescent socialization development.