Study On The Spore Germination And Protonema Development Of Moss

In plant kingdom, having a protonema stage after spore germination is a specific character of moss and a marked difference compared with other plant group. This stage has a close relation to the system classification development and evolution of moss. This paper sums up the study history and present situation about moss spore germination and protonema developmemt, clarifying the important scientific significance. Sporeling-type characters of 161 moss species (belonging to 41 families and 89 genuses) have studied, and 24 species (belonging to 13 families and 19 genuses) are reported firstly. The main results are as follows:1. Describing the characters and developmental features of spore germination and protonema development of moss applied in this research by microscopy.2. Having supplemented and perfected the classified basis of sporeling-type classifing and analyzing the spore germination and protonema developmental features of the 26 species which have treated in this research. Except this, a new key to sporeling-type has been listed. According to the results, two kinds of sporeling-type-Encalypta-type and Tortula-type have been added.3. Discussing the genetic rules of protonemata system and gametophyte.4. Discussing the relationship between the sporeling-type and system classification, evolution ecology adaption and reproduction countermeasure of moss.5. Clarifing the intension about spore and protonema of moss and relationship between the two and the bionomic evolution of moss.6. Sorting out the moss records about sporeling-types which have been definite up to now.7. Providing the real image photos and micromapping about the spore germination, protonema development and gametophyte genesis of moss in this research.