The Study Of Anthropological Curriculum Design Model

As a horseback's nationality, walking randomly between great Xingan Mountain and lesser Xingan Mountain, the Oroqen nationality has experienced the direct spanning which is from the end of primitive society to socialist society. In 1953, the Oroqen nationality completed the transition from the life of hunting in the mountain to farming on the plain. From then on, the Oroqen nationality lived together with other nationalities for a long time, especially the Han Nationality people. Because the number of Oroqen nationality's population was small and Oroqen nationality only had language without character, the Oroqen national culture is sinicized seriously and is disappearing. We believe that the curriculum design should have the meaning of cultural inheritance and innovation, but all kinds of researches on Oroqen national culture in the past were lack of researches from the microscopic view. Moreover, we discover that the tradition of curriculum design is becoming a sort of terms, which is disciplining all of curriculum design. The tradition of curriculum design makes curriculum design becomes course experts'and curriculum experts'authorities and makes other roles have no rights in their voice of curriculum design. These persons, who are repelled outside and marginalized, have low voice in curriculum design and their voice is disappearing. Regarding the dissipation of Oroqen national culture, the paper constructs one kind of new curriculum design model——anthropology curriculum design model as the way to listen respectfully. Meanwhile, just the anthropology curriculum design model deconstructs the tradition of curriculum design. Under the concern of anthropology, it causes that the curriculum design could listen respectfully the sound which is weak, neglected and oppressed. Thus, it will eliminate the hegemony in the curriculum design, and realize fairness and justice in curriculum design.This essay takes a school of X Oroqen nationality in the Heilongjiang Province as a case and has produced the anthropology curriculum design model gradually through Orogen national culture's curriculum design practice of the school. This model focuses on explaining the significance of curriculum design process, and further unearths authority problems, knowledge problems and so on behind curriculum design. As a qualitative research, the paper takes the explanatory critique as value orientation of the research, and mainly adopts the ethnography and grounded theory as the research strategy. The paper uses specifically methods in research, such as participant observation, depth interview, collective consideration, picture induction, life history, literature collection, which are mutually proved in the research and make the research more meaningful. The research discovery of the paper mainly has three aspects:Firstly, it constructs the anthropology curriculum design model, which takes root in the field as the soul of curriculum design, and it follows anthropologist's designing process of basic patterns from bottom to up. In the process of designing curriculum project, it surpasses curriculum projector's multivariate capital, and takes the balance relationship between curriculum projectors as the premise and assumption of curriculum project. It adopts philosophy of materialism about object and subject balance in cultural anthropology, in order to form the balance between universalism and particularism. The field of practice deconstructs the tradition and habit of curriculum project. In this way, it helps the curriculum designer finish the accqusition of the habit of desining.Secondly, the anthropology curriculum project pattern helps us from the multi-dimensional view to explain the significance of curriculum project, namely the essence of curriculum project is one kind of social construction process, and is also that the curriculum designer screens and chooses knowledge; In due to the different capital type and amount among the curriculum designers, their position relations are in transforms unceasingly. Here, we discover that this kind of unpredictable position relations look like one big magnetic field filled with the magnetic force, thus constitutes the curriculum project field; The ideology, as a fundamental hypothesis of the curriculum designer's thought and action, looks like a pair of invisible hands controlling the changes of designers'position relations in the curriculum project field. The ideology has been endowed the curriculum knowledge with legalization coat. Only had through the ideology legalization defense, the knowledge can have the opportunity to enter the curriculum.Thirdly, this paper expounds the mode under anthropology curriculum project pattern. To be specific, this paper gives a new explanation about curriculum nature, that is, curriculum is the reasonable and legal text after the modification by rights. Once it has the chance to enter the student text, the reader"me", learning text, and the other learners together construct the process of multidimensional, dynamic, complicated conversation. The aim of curriculum is to train the students'critical consciousness and realize people's liberation. The coexistence of multiculture is the core principle to the selection of content about curriculum. In view of the result of the anthropology curriculum project pattern, we suggests Orogen national culture curriculum is implemented using"returning to the life world"teaching strategy; Taking the others'vision as the standpoint and the principle to solute the conflicts of classroom culture, and taking communication of teaching as teaching forms from dual constructions of the person and the culture.Finally, the paper suggests that the nation should show anthropology concern to the development of national culture. Besides, in order to make the curriculum more reasonable and help the projectors have conversation on the same stage, we think constructing the sharing curriculum project is the effective mechanism to change the field conflicts into a harmony.