Studies Of Item Generation In Matrix Completion Problems

The traditional test paid attention to statistical techniques, rather than psychological meaning of the structure, which made its function confine to screening and couldn't offer more information. In recent years, the development of psychological theory and the innovation of measuring technology of psychology have had great influence on the direction of development of test. Cognitive psychology is not regarded as "Black Case" again in human inner world, and examinee' answering process is not set aside any longer. The analysis of cognitive composition in cognitive psychology and the theory of cognitive development by Vygotsky (1978) have key influence on the development of test. Sternberg (1991) pointed that the direction of test development in the future should combine cognitive psychology theory, psychological metrology theory and teaching, which made test development have foundation of cognitive psychology, made test result offer diagnostic messages of examinees, and made test mark reflect mental process of answering, etc. Because of the development of cognitive psychology theory, psychological metrology theory and computer technology, item generation technology based on cognitive theory has become mature gradually.Within many of the traditional intelligence tests, Matrix Completed Problem has been widely used with a wide range of applications, the advantages of easy-to-use as well as explaining intuitively and simply, etc. PASS theory of intelligence ,which is based on neural psychology and combines information processing psychology and psychological measurement, breaks through the defects of staying in the intelligence concept on past intelligence theory, makes the intelligence test have concrete, systematic theoretical foundations, and has opened up the brand-new research field for intelligence test.The research is on the basis of the simultaneous processing code of PASS theory, and in the form of Matrix completed problem to investigate intelligence. The cognitive model, the item generation algorithm and the adaptive item generation system of matrix completed problem are researched separately by using cognitive design system method of item generation technology. The results show that:1. The self-build cognitive models are superior to other ones on predicting item attributes such as the item difficulty of the matrix, and so on. The self-build cognitive models include two parts: the processing theories and the perceptual variables of matrix problem. The former are on the Carpenter et al' analysis of matrix problems in Raven's Progressive Matrices. The latter are on the summarization of mapping principles of matrix problems proposed by Shengtao Liu, et al (2004). The cognitive models integrating these two parts can predict the item parameters of matrix problems better.2. The matrix completed tests developed by item generation algorithms have a better reliability and validity. The researcher has designed item structures to develop matrices, and has built mathematical models with the cognitive models and the item difficult to verify the cognitive models for adaptive item generation. 27 kinds of item structure have been designed in the research. Compared with Raven's test, the matrix test generated in the research has similar difficulties, but slightly better discriminations. Between the two tests, the coefficient reaches 0.937(p<0.01), the internal consistencyis similar, but items in the matrix test are fewer than in Raven's test.3. It has better distinguish on examinees' abstract reasoning ability by creating adaptive item generation system (M-AIG) of matrix problems. From the analysis of the temporary item bank, it is found that the generating item has more suitable psychological psychometric attributes and the test-retest reliability of M-AIG system reaches 0.83(p<0.01).