| Study on the value of ecosystem services, ecological economics and sociology is one of the hot scientific issues. North Water Transfer Engineering is one large-scale water transfer project across the Huanghe River aiming at relieving water shortage in Beijing, Tianjin and North China for sustainable economic development for the local water resources protection. Danjiangkou Reservoir project is the water catchment area, the ecological environment quality surrounding the reservoir as well as the ecosystem service value not only influence the quality of the North water diversion, but also have an impact on sustaining peace and stability of our economy and society in North Water Transfer. This research subject focused on ecosystem surrounding the reservoir based on the theory and methods of ecosystem service value, the use of 3S technology and TM remote sensing data, combined with external industry research and statistics. We quantified the six ecosystem service value on the reservoir before the dam heightening, and set up scenarios targets on the Dam caused by changes in land use pattern to conduct ecosystem service value research; Taken Beijing-Tianjin Water Transfer first stage Project as a case to study the value of water diversion. Research conclusions were as follows:1.1987,2000 and 2008, remote sensing image interpretation on land use of the reservoir area was sorted by size classes, forest> farmland> grass> unused> Construction site> waters. Forest and grassland area together occupied 74%, farmland about 20%, water area 0.10% which is the smallest. 1987-2008 land use change level in reservoir was woodland> grassland> farmland> unused> Construction site> waters. Forest area increased 4.44%, grassland decreased by 15.8%, arable land decreased 3.25%. Water and construction land increased by 19.71% and 35.16% respectively.2. Through GIS, RS technology, sensing data and non-remote sensing data of factors about soil conservation in reservoir were gridded; Through the use of RUSLE equation model we implemented macro-localization of quantitative evaluation on soil conservation quantity of reservoir ecosystem. Physical and value quantity of six soil types to maintain service were sequenced as follows, forest> shrub forest> grassland> dry> paddy> other.1987,2000 and 2008, soil conservation, ecosystem service value was 41.44×108 RMB,39.84×108 RMB and 43.32 x 108 RMB. Value of forest, Shrub and grass system summed up to occupy about 90% of the total value which showed the absolute leading role.3.2000-2006, the average annual NPP of reservoir woodland, shrub land and grassland system accounted for 47.68%,18.19% and 10.93% of total annual NPP; farmland close to 20%. NPP in the reservoir area based on ecosystem service value of organic matter production was 27.48×108 RMB/ year; carbon fixing and oxygen releasing value were 75.18×108 RMB/ year; nutrient cycling was 62.85×108 RMB/year; 1987,2000 and 2008 absorption of SO2 in the value of forest and grass were 2.16×108 RMB,2.26×108 RMB,2.23×108 RMB, the value of dust stranded by forest and grass were 16.03×108 RMB,16.06×108 RMB,16.72×108 RMB.4. The CLUE-S model was used to simulate ecological security, economic development and overall development goals of the six soil categories under the three scenarios of land use spatial distribution in the reservoir area in 2015. Under comprehensive development goal scenarios, woodlands, grasslands, waters and beaches, construction sites, paddy field, dry land area occupied 966474.5hm2,155582.9hm2, 90153.4hm2,11910.8hm2,70895.6hm2,157082.7hm2 respectively.5. ecological security, economic development and integrated development of three target scenarios of ecosystem service values in reservoir area were 343.82 x 109 RMB,330.50 x 109 RMB,337.22 x 109 RMB. Ecosystem service value of the three types of soil, forest, grassland, farmland, occupied 90% of the total value. Service value of three target scenarios are sorted by quantity, water conservation> climate regulation> Biodiversity> Gas Regulation> soil formation and protection> Waste Disposal> raw materials> Recreation> Food Production.6. Taken six factors as followed water quality, water resources per capita, the income of average per person's control, water quantity of ten thousands GDP, population density, availability of alternative resources to study integrated water resource value. Six factors in the value of water resources in the weight vector is (0.318 0.311 0.055 0.132 0.070 0.115). Through the use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for water resources assessment of Beijing and Tianjin in 2014, the value of water resouce were 13.46RMB and 8.99RMB per stere, the value of water transfer were 13.137 billion RMB and 7.192 billion which provided an important basis for the set-up of ecological compensation standards surrounding the reservoir.
|
PDF Full Text Request