Study On The Modification Of Starch And The Anti-inflammation And Antioxidant Activities In Fritillaria Ussurensis Maxim.

Fritillaria ussurensis Maxim. is derived from the bulbs of the genus Fritillaria of the Liliaceae. A lots of studies indicated that alkaloid,saponin and other chemical ingredients are the major active components. However, there are few works on the starch which was r esponsible f or t he m ian c omponents of F. ussurensis Maxim. occupying approximately 40-60%. In order to understand the medicinal plant better for the development and utilization of the starch, different modified starches were prepared and their properties were investigated sufficiently.The essential physicochemical, morphological, crystalline and thermal properties of native and modified F. ussurensis Maxim. starches were researched using Fourier transform i nfrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X -ray diffractometry (XRD), pa rticle s ize di stribution (PSD), differential s canning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) in this thesis.These results indi cated tha t C MS possessed any unique properties such as solubility in unheated water, less retrogradation and well light transmittance, while the acetylated starch has improved swelling capacity and solubility. Water absorption capacity increased after acid and enzyme hydrolysis. The SEM results revealed that carboxymethylation and acetylation process no t onl y a ffected t he s urface of t he granules but also the internal part,and the structural arrangement of starch granules was destroyed and many alveolate holes could be seen on t he granule surface. In addition, t he external s tructure was at tacked firstly by acid, w here the i nternal fractions were hydrolyzed easily by glucoamylase. From t he X RD, a pr onounced reduction in crystallinity of CMS and the starch acetates was obs erved. The DSC results s howed that af ter carboxymethylation or enzyme hydrolyztion, the thermoplastic property was improved and the starch acetates showed lower transition gelatinization temperature and enthalpy values than native starch. From the TGA, the melting temperature of the starch decreased and at a lower decomposition speed after modified by acetyl group and glucoamylase.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim. inhibits platelet aggregation, suggesting that it ma y have anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore the ant i-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of all the extracts from Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim. were i nvesgated. The mechanisms of anti-inflammatory actions of the ethanol extract were also explored. The antioxidant activity of the t hree extracts de creased in the order: flavonoids e xtract> saponin extract> ethanol ex tract. All the a dministered gr oups pr oduced s ignificant anti-inflammatory effects on the three animal models. The results demonstrated that the different fractions of Fritillaria ussurensis Maxim. have different responses with different antioxidant methods and anti-inflammation animal models. The flavonoids extract showed the best antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and the saponin extract and the e thanol followed. The results of anti-inflammatory mechanisms revealed that the effect may be related to reduce the content of PGE2 and MDA in the exudates. Moreover, it relevented to decrease t he l evel of i nflammatory reaction through i nhibitin t he attack of cel lular caus ed by free r adical and alleviated the cellular damage. Moreover, the administrated groups had good preventive action of the level of NO in the serum, which is also an action mechanism.