| As one of the leather chemicals used in the largest amount in the processing of leather and fiir, the fatliquor has direct effect on the qualities of leather and fur products. It is one of the most important materials which make leather and fur soft. In this paper, under the guidance of the basic theory of green chemistry, using biological lanolin as main materials, systematic investigation on the reaction and reaction activity, the methods of chemical modification, the preparation of lanolin fatliquor as well as the application performance and biodegradability-property-biodegradability etc. were carried out.In this paper, on the basis of better understanding of the origin, composition and properties of lanolin, the pre-processing, the reaction activities and the chemical modification of lanolin were studied. The reaction activities are mainly focusing on the two reactive sites which are the ester bond of the monoester of lanolin and the a -hydroxyl of lanolin acid. Chemical modification on ester bond will destroy the original structure of lanolin and thus affect the application performances of lanolin. Whereas modification on a -hydroxyl of lanolin acid will not destroy the original monoester structure of lanolin. Therefore ,all of the modification of lanolin in this study were made on the a -hydroxyl of lanolin acid. There are two ways of modification as follows: first of all, the esterify graft reaction takes place between the a -hydroxyl of lanolin and maleic anhydride to produce lanolin succinate. Then the sulfonic acid group is introduce to the molecule of lanolin succinate through nucleophilic addition reaction. After proper neutralization, the anionic surfactant of lanolin, that is, lanolin sulfonic succinate, was obtained. On the foundation of this,according to the characteristics and requirements of leather fatliquors, the influence of water on the esterify graft reaction and the necessity of adding the additives were investigated. The reaction conditions were optimized. As a result, the sulfited lanolin fatliquor(SLF) was obtained. Secondly, the modification was also made on the a -hydroxyl of lanolin acid. The difference from the former phosphate esterify reaction was exploited. In this paper, the phosphated agents were sifted and P2O5 was determined as the phosphated agent in this research because P2O5 is cheap and widely used in industry. According to characteristics that P2O5 is apt to moisture sorption and active, a new theory, control-releasing P2O5 in synthesize phosphate reaction with help of non-toxic solvent, was creatively put forward. Through the sifting and comparison of different solvents, the non-toxic and non-volatile solvent which is beneficial to leather fatliquoring was selected. On the basis of the syntheses of castor oil phosphate, the ratio of reactant and reaction conditions were optimized. The reaction model of phosphate by means of control-releasing method was explored and confirmed by experiments. According to the characteristics of lanolin the synthesis of lanolin phosphate by means of P2O5 control-releasing method was investigated. The molar ratio of MAP, DAP and AP in phosphate synthesized was analyzed. Compared with the traditional synthesis method by which the power of P2O5 is added directly, the new method has the following advantages: (1) P2O5 being wrapped by solvent with result of separating from air and not sucking up moisture could be keep in longer time; (2)The operation is simplified by adding the dispersed P2O5 only once; (3) The synthesis reaction of phosphate by means of new method is similar to liquid-liquid(L-L) homogeneous reaction, which is beneficial to the processing of reaction. Whereas the synthesis reaction of phosphate by means of traditional method is solid-liquid(S-L) non-homogenous reaction. The reaction is well-distributed and mild, so not only the rate of conversion is improved about 6%, but also the molar ratio of MAP in reaction products can be improved; (4) The method of P2O5 dispersed by solvent can effectively prevent reactants in ini...
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