Study On The Endocrine Disrupting Effects Of Organic Extracts From Drinking Water In A Chinese City And Sex Hormone Disrupting Effects Caused By Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate

In recent years more and more attention has been paid on endocrine disruptors (EDs)which mimic and inhibit the endocrine system of animal and human beings. Mostepidemiological studies have suggested that EDs may be responsible for thedevelopmental abnormalities and decrease of species of wild animals. In human it cancause birth defects, premature thelarche, reproductive dysfunction and increaseincidence of reproductive system cancer. The quality of drinking water is closelyrelated with human health. The aquatic environment is the final sink for mostchemicals. Because of the facilities of waste water treatment are lacking in China,aquatic environment may be contaminated by various chemicals including EDs. Thepollution of EDs in drinking water will have direct impact on human health. Therefore,we conducted a study on endocrine disrupting effects of Organic Extracts(OEs)obtained from source and drinking water of a Chinese city. We also analyzed thecategories and concentrations of EDs in water samples.Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) is used as a plasticizer of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)in the manufacture of a wide variety of consumer products. DEHP have obviousreproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity and hepatotoxicity. In the past, studieswere focused on male reproductive toxicity, there was few information on its femalereproductive toxicity. Therefore, we conducted a study in rats, including covered thewhole period of oogenesis, mating, gestation and lactation exposed to DEHP toexplore its maternal toxicity and developmental toxicity in offspring.Part one Establishment of short-term bioassays and assessment of endocrinedisrupting effects of OEs from water samples of a Chinese cityObjectives: To establish a battery of short-term bioassays on detection and evaluationthe endocrine disrupting effects of the water samples. Methods: A set of assaysincluding MCF-7 cell proliferation assay(E-Screen), Yeast estrogen screenassay(YES), immature mouse uterotropic assay, and Vitellogenin(VTG) detectionwere applied to determine the estrogenic effects of the OEs extracted from source anddrinking water samples collected from water supply system of a Chinese city. Results:Estrogen effects were observed in 3 source water samples, while 2 drinking water 3复旦大学博士学位论文 英文摘要samples showed suspectable estrogenic effects. VTG concentration in wild crucianscaught from 2 source waters showed higher estrogenic activity than that from the onewith negative estrogenic effects. Conclusion: The 4 bioassays are sensitive andfeasible. However, the standard and reasonable evaluate processes of the 4 bioassays sneed to be further researched.Part two Analysis of EDs in the city water supply systemObjectives: To characterise the EDs which probably existed in the water suppysystem and to determine the concentrations of those EDs. Methods: OEs wereextractd from water samples with XAD-2 resin. The instrumental analysis wasperformed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometer(GC-MS) and thecompounds were identified by the GC-MS library. The concentrations of thesecompounds were analyzed with gas chromatography. Results: DEHP, Dibutylphthalate(DBP), Bisphenol A(BPA), Adipic Acid, Lindane and Fenvalerate werefound in water samples. DEHP, DBP and BPA were detected in most source anddrinking water samples. Conclusion: The city water supply system was polluted withEDs. Plastic products seemed to be the main source of these contaminants. Theremoving efficency of EDs from drinking water by current water treatment process inthe city was not satisfing. The special water treatment process for remove of EDsfrom drinking water should be studied in the furture.Part three Study on the endocrine disrupting effects of DEHP and DBPObjectives: To study the endocrine disrupting effects of DEHP and DBP and exploreits mechanism. Methods: A set of as...