A Study On Drought Monitoring Models By Remote Sensing And Soil Moisture Prediction In HeiLongjiang Province

Drought, which occurred frequently all over the world in recent years, seriously threatens the balance of natural eco-environment, and has great influence on the sustainable development of mankind, society and economy. So, it is of great significance to study the mechanisms of drought and the countermeasures of drought control, to establish the drought monitoring models based on remote sensing and geographic information system which have unmatchable advantages in information collecting and processing, as well as to set up soil moisture prediction models.In this study, the current situation and development tendency of drought monitoring based on remote sensing and soil moisture prediction are analyzed; the advantages and shortages of the related models are discussed; the conception and characteristics of drought are addressed; the new drought remote sensing information models based on the principles of thermal inertia and on the consideration of vegetable cover is developed. By integrating the advantages of evapotranspiration remote sensing models and the crop water stress index, also the crop water stress models based on energy balance is also developed. The models are tested by meteorological satellite data, meteorological data and soil moisture data collected in Heilongjiang Province, and the paper produces the distributing maps of the soil moisture, evapotranspiration and drought classes by means of GIS. Meanwhile, the paper develops different soil moisture prediction models including Xin'anjing prediction model based on water balance and back propagation neural network model for soil moisture prediction. The paper predicts the soil moisture in Heilongjiang Province by these two models. The results show that the drought remote sensing monitoring models and soil moisture prediction models can be widely used in practical works for drought monitoring, evaluation and prediction.