The Experiment And Mechism Study On Palm Oil Wastes Pyrolysis

Palm oil wastes are the main biomass resources in ASEAN countries. The novel technologies, to treat this tremendous amount of wastes, with improved efficiencies and reduced environmental impacts need to be established timely. With the support of the coorperation between Huazhong University of Science and Technoligical State key Laboratory of Coal Combustion (China) and and Nanyang Technological University Insitute of Environmental Science and Engineering (Singapore) on the project of high efficient conversion of palm oil wastes to energy, we carried out a detailed research on palm oil wastes pyrolysis, the main investigation are listed as follows: The investigation of the pyrolysis of palm oil wastes and the main components of biomass (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) were preformed on thermogravimetry (TG), the difference of the three main components was analyzed, and their kinetics parameters was calculated using non-siothermal integrated method, simultaneously, the influence of heating rate and particle size on biomass pyrolysis was analyzed. The gas product evolved out from palm oil wastes pyrolysis was analyzed on-line using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) coupled with TG,with focus on the effect of final temperature. The pyrolysis behavior of biomass and the forming characteristics of gas products were analyzed from the point of chemical functional groups. It was observed that the main gas products are CO2, CO, CH4, H2O and some organics, and temperature showed great influence on biomass pyrolysis, especially on gas product evolving. . The interaction among hemciellulose, cellulose and lignin was studied using TG based on Simplex-lattice, there is no significant influence among the three main components, following that, two sets of mathematics equations related to biomass pyrolysis and the contents of its main components were got through multiple linear regression. It can be used to simulate the pyrolysis characteristics according to the main components or biomass or based on its pyrolysis behavior to analysis the main components content. However, the inorganics matters in natural biomass samples caused some difference, to understand the influence of inorganics matters, six salts or oxides of the main metal (K,Mg,Ca,Na,Fe and Al)in biomass ash were introduced in to mixed with hemicellulsoe, cellulose and lignin to study their influence on biomass pyrolysis using TGA deeply, and to analysis the influence of inorganics matters on natural biomass sample, the pyrolysis of palm oil wastes pretreated through water wash and K2CO3 adding was analyzed using TG-FTIR, it showed that inorganics matters show great catalytic on biomass pyrolysis, it provide significant information to understand the influence of ash content on bomass pyrolysis. To get the further information of the forming characteristics of gas products, liquid oil and solid charcoal from biomass pyrolysis, the pyrolysis of palm oil wastes was carried out in packed bed with gas chromatograph, FTIR, SEM and GC-MS, etc. instruments. The optimal operating condition of pyrolysis product was suggested. It is important to understand the principle of biomass pyrolysis. H2, as the clean energy with high heat value, is the most interested product of biomass energy conversion. To upgrade the quality and yield of rich hydrogen gas products, the pyrolysis of palm oil wastes was carried out in countercurrent dropped bed with continuous feeding focused on the influence of final temperature, gas residence time and catalyst adding on gas product property. It was observed that higher temperature is favorable for H2 and CO flammable gas upgrading. Under the catalysis of Ni, the yield of hydrogen rich gas product reached 0.9m3/kg of biomass with 37vol.% H2. It is significant for the comprehensive understanding of biomass pyrolysis for producing H2, and supplies fundamental acknowledge for the technology of biomass conversion to hydrogen. The modeling of palm oil wastes pyrolysis was carried out using thermodynamics equilibrium simulation and kinetics, and the modeling results were compared with experimental one in the reactors involved, it showed great consistent and compatibility with each other. The further understanding of palm oil wastes pyrolysis was reached. The simulation is significant for the development of biomass thermochemcial conversion technology and the high efficient conversion of palm oil wastes to energy.