Hydroghermal & Microemulsion Synthesis And Properties Of Inorganic-Salts Nanomaterials

Low dimensional nanomaterials of inorganic salts have comprehensive application in many fileds, such as microelectronics, photovoltaic and energy conversion, nanodevices, imaging and display technologies, energy and chemistry, biology and medicine. These applications are due to the novel optical, electric, catalysis and magnetic properties of low dimensional nanomaterials. Among many synthesis methods, hydrothermal synthesis has become the common method for fabricating nanomaterials for its advantages, such as facility and middle temperature, high pressure reaction conditions. Another efficient method in synthesizing novel nanostructures with new morphologies is microemulsion or reverse micelles method, because the soft template in this method is easy to be changed. Based on these two traditional methods, contraposing the characters of different salts, a new method in synthesizing nanomaterials in hydrothermal system was raised and controllable synthesis of low dimensional nanomaterials with different morphologies in microemulsion system was explored in this work. A series of low dimensional nanomaterials of metal sulfides, sulfates, chlorides and tungstates were obtained. The work provides not only new ideas for fabricating other nanomaterials, but also novel materials for other fields. The main work is shown as follows:1. Solvent-oxidation-hydrolysis simultaneous reaction was firstly put forward to synthesize nanomaterials in hydrothermal system. IIB-VIA semiconductor nanomaterials were fabricated successfully through this method. When theses reactions were optimized by introducing template reagents, several novel nanostructures were obtained, such as ZnS nanotubes with crossed-channels, microspheres assembled by nanoparticles, CdS nanoribbon arrays, nanoshuttles, HgS nanoflakes. The optical properties and formation mechanisms were also explored.2. Zn_0/9Cd_0.1S nanocrystals and Ag₃CuS₂ nanoflakes were synthesized in hydrothermal system through solvent-oxidation-hydrolysis simultaneous reaction. Reaction conditions were studied in detail, and the optical properties of the products...