The Synthesis And Characterization Of Novel Organic Trace Element Additives And Studies On The Related Biological Availability

Trace elements are essential nutrients in biological bodies since they play critical roles in almost all the physiological and biochemical processes including active factors of enzymes and influence on reproduction of cell. Binding of metal trace elements to biological molecular ligands construct to chelate in bodies. The activities of organic trace elements are all binary complexes both at home and abroad, such as zinc-methionine and iron-glycine etc. Based on the above theory, the ternary complexes are used in nutritional additives field. The biological activities of complexes are determined by their structures. The main works in this thesis are as follows:1. Four traditional essential trace elements (copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt), one novel essential trace element(nickel) and one potentially essential trace element are chosen as central ions, 2, 5-pyridine dicarboxylic acid, 2, 2'-bipyridine, 1, 10-phenanthroline and benzimidazole are chosen as ligands.2. The structures of these complexes were characterized by elemential analysis, infrared spectra, molar conductance, electronic spectrum and x-ray diffraction methods. Nine crystal structures are determined by x-ray diffraction.3. The biological activities of these complexes were studied by cell culture method. HepG2 and BRL cell strain are used to determine the influence of these complexes on cell proliferation, morphology and toxicity.The methods and conditions were discussed which may influence the structure of complexes. Ternary complexes may have more effects on the cell for they have two ligands and therefore the higher bioavailability and lower antagonism of trace elements are expected. The results are as follows:1. These complexes have variable coordination geometry, intramolecular and intermolecular interaction. For example, some central ions are five-coordinated while some are six-coordinated; some complexes are square-pyramidal while others are octahedral; the PYDC ligand shows chelate and bridge forms; three kinds of hydrogen bonds in complexes(O-H…O, N-H…O and bifurcated O-H…(O, O)) andπ-πinteraction are also found in some complexes; there are two kinds of hydrogen bond network (2D and 3D).2. 19 complexes have biological activities and 6 ternary complexes are better than corresponding binary complexes. In detail, manganese complex 8 is better than manganese complex 5, cobalt complex 12 is better than cobalt complex 9, zinc complex 16 is better than zinc complex 13, nickel complex 18 and 20 are better than nickel complex 17, cadmium complex 25 is better than cadmium 22.3. The biological activities of the ternary M-PYDC-bim complex are better than binary M-PYDC complex in four trace elements series. They are manganese series, cobalt series, zinc series and cadmium series.In general, the thesis will provide experimental basis and academic presume for utilization of ternary complex in additive field.