| Coal waste piles have led to serious environmental problems and social problems, which has become an important issue for coal mining area environment. In this paper, taking coal waste and overburden as an example, the acid properties and heavy metals forms, leaching rule and comprehensive prevention and control measures were studied by using on laboratory and field tests and other methods. The acid producing potential and neutralization potential of coal waste and overburden were analyzed by using acid-base method (ABA) and net acid potential method (NAG), and the recommendations of different acid producing methods and some suggestions were put forward. The heavy metals forms of coal waste were analyzed by using of BCR method and the release characteristics of heavy metals were revealed by using of the United States TCLP, ASTM, and SPLP method. The effectiveness and feasibility of heavy metals and acidic pollution control by using fly ash were studied by using column leaching experiment, and the comparison of different coverage of fly ash also were analyzed, the mechanism of heavy metals pollution control pollution including the co-precipitation and fly ash adsorption were revealed. By using of batch leaching tests and column leaching experiment, the adsorption of Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn in single and competitive adsorption on horse compost and its kinetic characteristics were studied, and the results showed that the compost could be used as bio-solid materials to control heavy metals of coal waste, and the main mechanism of adsorption is ion exchange.
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