Research On Cascade Hydropower Stations Joint Optimal Dispatch Considering Eco-environment Effect

The construction and operation of large hydro project play a significant role in many aspects such as flood control, power generation, water supply, and shipping, but also it caused the stress effects on the river ecosystem and affects the ecological health in different degrees. In this context, it is very important to carry out the ecological operation of the hydro project to protect and restore habitats of river health. The hydropower Joint optimization of energy management considering the ecological restoration and protection and its effective response closely related with economic, ecological and environmental theory and so on, it is a prospective research topics in water resources and hydropower engineering discipline facing many bottlenecks and theory technical problems and it is the frontier technology research of modern watershed scale hydropower energy and environment, the interdisciplinary theory of coupled system of economic and environment. The hydropower joint optimization in the upper reaches of the Yangtze in the context of ecological safety is a dynamic, discrete, non-convex nonlinear multi-objective optimization problem with the constraints of ecological needs of running, the hydrological cycle, generation control, operation mode, operation mode and other complex electrical behaviors, so is much more complex than traditional optimal operation of hydropower. Therefore, this paper aim at the many ecological security problem in the joint optimal scheduling of cascade hydropower reservoirs, introduce the principles and methods of modern hydropower energy science, system science, ecology and economics, make research in theory and method of ecological operation of the joint optimization of reservoir scheduling, made some results which have theoretical significance and practical value. Major research and innovation are as follows:(1) The impacts which the hydropower development influenced on river habitat are summarized, based on this by using statistical methods, the impacts of the construction and operation of Three Gorges reservoir on river basin habitats are analyzed from a hydrological point, and through the R/S, Mann-Kendall method and other methods, the change trends in hydrological series of natural and post-dam is analyzed to determine the starting year of habitat stress in a typical river, and mathematical statistical methods have been used for test.(2) Focus on the environmental flow process which is controllable in the target of ecological operation. Based on the summary of the widely used method for determining ecological runoff process, combin the rhythm of the river natural hydrological analysis, propose the determination of environmental flow process based on eco-hydrological events, make comprehensive empirical analysis on the ecological runoff process of Yichang section in Yangtze River in the requirements of the whole basin and specific biological resources, provide new ideas for the study of ecological runoff process.(3) Aim at the new requirements of the ecological operation of the Three Gorges cascade power station, establish an ecological operation model with constraints of ecological runoff process, the model takes maximum ensuring output of system as objective function, consider the ecological requirements of the whole basin and specific biological resources as respectively and solve the model by the discrete differential dynamic programming algorithm based on global optimization.(4) Aim at the balance problem between the ecological and economic benefit of the Three Gorges cascade reservoirs, build an multi-objective ecological operation which consider the ecological and economic goals, propose an indicators system to mesure the ecological benefit and quantify the ecological objectives, put forward a new multi-objective evolutionary algorithm--multi-objective adaptive differential evolution algorithm based onεdominance, the typical test functions optimization results show that this algorithm have some advantage on the typical multi-objective evolutionary algorithms in the convergence and diversity of solving problem. Combine the algorithm above and the multi-objective ecological operation of Three Gorges model, obtained a series of non-inferior set of scheduling by simulation, and provides a reliable basis for decision making of ecological operation of Three Gorges cascade power station.(5) The purpose of multi-objective scheduling and decision-making is to determine the optimal scheduling scheme based on the preference of policy makers. This paper proposes a multi attribute decision making method based on fuzzy measure with classification and fusion, the method uses fuzzy measures and the classification method for the integrated assessment, determine the importance of training with historical data in the process of decision making, then sort multi-objective ecologica scheduling program of the cascade power station, obtain the final ecological operation programs which satified the decision makers, so that to provide a new and effective ways to solve multi-objective decision making problem of ecological operation of cascade hydropower stations...