| The problem of the passive noise ranging has been studied in this dissertation. It has been playing an important role in passive location. The range accuracy isn't always satisfied although there have been many methods or algorithms given out and even if some of them applied to practice. Target motion analysis (TMA) is studied as a novel approach, which is put forward in recent years and can measure range directly in better precision. It have been received more attention. The TMA method, algorithm, accuracy and performance for multistation and/or single station in three dimensions are studied in this dissertation by using multiparameter and data fusion. The studies provide for design and the implementation of underwater passive ranging system. The main context are as follows:1. The model of underwater TMA in three dimensions is given out by the analysis of the complexity of underwater acoustic environment. Three cases are investigated, they are the case of unknown constant depth and the case of known constant depth in three dimensions and the coherent plane in two dimensions which the relation depth between the source and the platform is zero. They provide a foundation model for TMA.2. The observability of underwater passive TMA is studied in this dissertation. One differentiate criterion is demonstrated, which is suit for different the underwater nonlinear system in three dimensions. The criterion avoids dealing with nonlinear equation directly and is easy to apply for the analysis of TMA. The observability can differentiated for most of underwater nonlinear system. Finally, The observability of two passive TMA in three dimensions is proved using this criterion.3. The passive bearings-only TMA in three dimensions without maneuver is studied in this dissertation. In the case of known constant depth, the estimated results, accuracy, and effect factors of target motion parameters are presented by different methods. The TMA methods overcome the disadvantage of bearing-only TMA which need ownship maneuver. The computer simulations show that the methods presented in this dissertation have better estimate performance of the TMA in near field. It provides a good means for passive ranging in short range. Finally TMA in the case of unknown constant depth is discussed.4. The TMA methods from bearings, elevations, and frequency in three dimensions are studied in this dissertation. First of all, in the case of unknown constant depth, the simulation results, estimated error curves and CRB are presented taking advantage of PLE and MLE method. Then the conclusion are extended to the case of known constant depth. The simulation results give a demonstration of practical efficiency of such TMA method. The longer range and the better estimation precision because of more information, and no requirement for ownship maneuver.5. Algorithm of TMA is studied by data fusion. First, TMA method for multistation, ispresented using multi-bearings, frequency in different way including focus and contributed ways. Secondly TMA method is studied using measurements of bearings, time-delay between stations, which are received by sonar in different stations, Lastly, simulation results, error cures and the effect of speeds and robust among the stations on accuracy are given out, the results show that data fusion is a good way improving estimation precision. A novel algorithm of passive TMA by data fusion method with multiparameter measurements is presented. The correlation among data groups is analyzed in detain since muilparameters are divided into groups. As an example, measurements of bearings, elevations and multipath time-delay are used and divided into two groups. The covariance matrix is given out. The method in which the measurements are divided into some groups can reduce redundancy of measurements of data. Simulation results show that the estimate accuracy is improved in efficiency. The algorithm suits for passive ranging of single submarine.Finally, an overview of author's work and the pro...
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