Study On Climate Adaptability Of Human Beings To Thermal Combort In China

With the improvement of living standard, people are paying more and more attention on how to predict the thermal environment and thermal comfort. Current thermal comfort standards such as ASHRAE55-1992 and ISO 7730 are based on the experimental results to the youth in America and Europe. And they may not be applicable to Chinese.Because of the diversity of zones and climates, customs and habits, economic developments, ability of economy bearing between north and south may cause the difference of acclimation and psychological expectation. We should study on our own thermal comfort standards and models that are appropriate to Chinese people. It is very important to find the best thermal environment parameters which can improve the thermal environment, save more energy and promote the sustainable development of zoology architecture.Thinking of the characteristic of China's climate, a survey was conducted in the twelve cities which have both typical climate characteristics and economic geography meanings. The physical data including air temperature, relative humidity, radiant temperature, air velocity are collected. Thermal sensation, thermal preference, thermal acceptability and thermal comfort are surveyed too. The selection of thermal comfort indices and the calculation of operative temperature are discussed here. The climatic adaptability of human beings is drawn. The adaptive models of different climatic zones are set up and the neutral temperature, strategies of passive design is established. The innovative work and main conclusions are listed as follows:(1) Using climatic building design principles, this dissertation analyzes the relationship between outdoor climate and thermal comfort zone. Thermal comfort standards are the premise to analysis outdoor climate. How to set up the relationship between outdoor climate and indoor thermal comfort standards is the key to study on climatic adaptability of human beings. (2) For the first time, great deals of surveys and tests to thermal comfort are conducted in the main geography zone, including 4 climatic zones. The physical data including air temperature, relative humidity, radiant temperature, air velocity are collected. Thermal sensation, thermal preference, thermal acceptability and thermal comfort are also surveyed.(3) For the first time, the dissertation studies the influence factors of adaptability of human beings and analyses the situations of adaptability of human beings in China. 1)In summer, clothing value varies from 0.3 to 0.5clo in all the climatic zones, excepting the cold zone. In winter, clothing value does not absolutely obey the rules that it increases with the lowing of outdoor temperature. 2)The linearity relationship is not shown between metabolism and operative temperature. 3)The linearity relationship is shown between air velocity and operative temperature. In summer, there is a positive linearity between air velocity and operative temperature in different climatic zone, whereas in winter (exception the warm-summer and cold-winter zone).4)The comfort temperature range that 80% occupants feel comfortable is wide than that of ASHRAE 55-1992 and ISO 7730. 5)In winter, the neutral temperature measured on spot is lower than that of PMV, whereas in winter. 6)There is relativity between the neutral temperature and indoor temperature.(4) For the first time, the adaptive models of different climatic zones are set up and are evaluated synthetically too: 1)The wider comfort temperature range is educed by contrasting the results on spot to PMV. 2)According to the adaptive models, a conclusion of energy saving from 5% to 10% is'gained. 3)From the point of heating in winter and lowering in summer, each city's climate is analyzed roundly and a series of appropriate passive design strategies is proposed, which includes solar heating, natural ventilation, evaporative cooling system and shade.The integrated first study on climate adaptability of Human beings to thermal comfort in our country will have an essential design guide for both eco-ecological as well as energy efficient building design.