| Typhoon is one of the most violent storms in the world, which accumulates and releases a great deal energy in the tropical ocean surface. It does great damage to our country by its strong wind, heavy rain, high tide and huge wave. Typhoon only forms and develops in the tropical ocean surface, and it couples with the ocean by dynamic interaction processes and thermal interaction processes. When researching the air-sea interaction in the typhoon process, the effect of ocean change induced by the atmosphere on the atmosphere motion and the effect of atmospheric disturbance induced by the ocean on the upper ocean must be fully considered. This is the response and feedback at air-sea interface. Ocean wave is smallscale weather phenomenon, which may contribute to the air-sea interaction. Accordingly, the development of the atmosphere-wave-ocean coupled model is the important measure to explore the air-sea interaction and ocean state change, and it is the international cutting-edge research directions.This paper first reviewed the research of coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean model in recent years. The sea surface roughness is chosen as the influencing factor when the effect of ocean waves on air-sea interaction is considered. The earliest parameterization of sea surface roughness is put forward by Charnock (1955), and the main idea of the parameterization is that the sea surface roughness depends on the wind speed. The results of subsequent observational experiments show that the sea surface roughness depends on the ocean surface waves, and there are no definite and applicable expressions which can be used in any sea area. The coupled atmosphere-wave model is used to explore the effect of sea surface roughness on air-sea interaction, but the air-wave-sea interaction is an integrated system, therefore, the coupled atmosphere-wave model can not reflect the full process during the air-sea interaction.In this paper, the regional coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean model is developed at the base of the original mesoscale coupled air-sea model (LASG-MCM). The dynamic interaction processes and thermal interaction processes at air-sea interface are parameterized in the coupled model, and the sea surface roughness parameterization is introduced into the model, which is based on the latest theoretical and observational research achievement. The classical Charnock parameterization is substituted by several new sea surface roughness parameterizations, which are more exact means to express the feedback from the upper layer ocean to atmosphere.Two representative typhoon processes are chosen and simulated using the regional coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean model, which are the 0214 Vongfong in the South Sea and 0414 Rananim in the Yellow and East Sea. The results show the path is indistinctively influenced by the sea surface roughness, the ocean surface wind speed decreases and the friction speed increases, especially to the right of the path. The ocean current speed and significant wave height are also reduced and the variational area is nearly the same to the wind field. The decrease of ocean surface wind stress weakens the ocean vertical mixing, and then sea surface temperature (SST) rises. The rise of SST results in the increase of ocean surface air temperature and latent heat fluxes, the change of sensible heat fluxes is not evident. The increase of SST also enhances the vertical motion, the updraft transports the high temperature and highly wet air from the lower layer to the upper layer in the typhoon center, and it also induces the increase of air temperature and relative humidity in the upper layer. This process strengthens the warm core and the precipitation, the precipitation simulated by the coupled model is more consistent with observation data.Finally, marine simulation is conducted using the example of entering the fairway in one seaport, the simulated wave field is applied in the ship navigation simulator. The excursion of the track is due to the simulated wave field data as compared with steady wave. |
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