| The traction tonnage of past loco is lighter, the length of train is shorter and the locomotive is often in front of the train, the longitudinal impact is not great enough to convert the longitudinal force to lateral force which will impact the train safety. But after the "1+1" 20,000T train operated in Datong-qinhuangdao railway line, the max longitudinal force among the heavy-haul train occurs in the middle locomotive (1/2) instead of 2/3 among the past one, so it becomes more important to study the locomotive coupler & draft gear.Aiming at the safety issue of heavy-haul multiple trains Datong-qinhuangdao railway line, the paper will study it from the operating situation. This is the first time in China which apply the dynamics, safety theory and multi-body dynamics in the performance and structure research of coupler & draft gear, adopt the system engineering theory to make a systematic analysis which takes the coupler & draft gear, coupler & draft gear and loco, loco and train as an integration. This develops a new area and method for the coupler & draft gear, the research makes clear that the pressing stability are show in two aspects:the pressing stability of coupling link surface and the dynamic centering control between the coupler tail and the front spacing plate of draft gear; under the condition that the coupling profile, coupling clearance and the functions of three states, anti-creep lock is not destructed, the stability of coupling link surface can be guaranteed. The DFC-E100 coupler & draft gear, which adopt the function of alignment control, could transmit the longitudinal force efficiently. For the train which tows 10,000T by double locos and "1+1" 20,000T train in Datong-qinhuangdao railway line, the max free tilt angle is defined less than 2.5-3.5°, the max tilt angle is 12°, combining in the proper coupler material,strength and strength grade in coupler-body system, which can make the coupler dynamic alignment control play a important hole in the locomotive curve passing and the train safety with the proper train organization, correct loco operating and electric braking and the line maintenance etc.The simulation shows by multi-body dynamics software that the coupler press limits for the studied locomotive are 4500kN in straight line,1500kN at 70km/h speed in curve line R300m,2000kN at 50km/h in curve line R300m and 2500kN at 80km/h speed in curve R600m.The train longitudinal forces impact against three kinds of draft gears (i.e. MT-2 type, elastic clay type and temperature plastic elastic maquetteTPEE) and parameter change of the TPEE draftgear were analyzed and compared by loco longitudinal dynamics theory and system analyzing software, and the performance parameters for the draft gear of macromolecule plastic elastic maquette was optimized and a suggestion was given.The line test for safety traction of 10,000T train by one loco,10,000T by multiple locos,10,000T by two locos,20,000T by two locos and the 22,000T by two locos are accomplished. The line test of train safety is mainly aimed at the parameters such as the derailment coefficient of loco or adjacent vehicle, wheelset lateral force, wheel unloading rate, longitudinal force of coupler and the coupler swing angle etc. The tests results show that the structure parameters of improved coupler and the draftgear may comply with the safety requirement.In the paper, the impact principle of heavy-duty train safety against the performance and structure parameter of coupler & draft gear was got theoretically. And the safety operating of "1+1" 20,000T heavy-haul combined train was also done practically.
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