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Study On The Strategy Of Nutritional Adaptation In Red Squirrels(Sciurus Vulgaris Mantchuricus)

Posted on:2002-12-07Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:J S LiFull Text:PDF
GTID:1103360032452855Subject:Wildlife
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Red squirrel is important economic animals of the northeast forest zone in China, has important role for maintaining the biodiversity and the stability of this area forest ecosystem. This paper from squirrel food availability, food composition , the selectivity of food resource ,take edible behavior and energy countermeasure for food nutrition quality and the form structural feature of alimentary canal and few aspect such as seasonal adaptability change as well as nutrition condition appraisement of population carry out research as red squirrel nutritional adaptive strategy. At the same time for go on preliminary discuss the genetic diversity of red squirrels from Daxingan Mountain, Xiaoxingan Mountain, respectively. The result was considered: 1) squirrel forage plant can use existent obvious seasonal change. The kind of forage plant of branches and leaves can use reach in summer highest, autumn and spring take second place in, winter is minimum. The seasonal change of frugivorous food is different from the change of the branches and leaves, autumn cone kind of food can use biggest, take second place in winter, spring is minimum summer; Starch fruit of food can use in summer biggest, spring and autumn are more near, and discrepancy is less, winter is minimum. 2) seed and the frugivorous food are the approximately 78% of red squirrel that major food forms composition, Secondly, it is fungus of food, takes the 10% of entire food composition; The proportion that tree bud, leaf and bark kind take is less, is around 5 8% normally; In some season, squirrel also takes some edible insect and other small-sized animal. 3) the different seasonal food composition of red squirrel has signal discrepancy. Squirrel mainly foraging tender leaf and flower mainly in spring, is tender branch and herbaceous plant secondly; Take the edible fruit and fungus of food of berry mainly in summer; Take coniferous seed kind of food mainly in autumn; Take coniferous seed kind of food mainly in winter, at the same time, also pick edible winter bud even bark. 4)red squirrel has biggest selection index for the average option of coniferous seed; Starch the average option of fruit for herbaceous kind of plant index take second place, the more orange, for the average option of the frugivorous food of berry (the selective index of ~zccinium vihisidaea was 0.88) index number is also more big than 1; The selection index of poplar and willow was the lesser in all index. 5) squirrel food in, in leaf and bud, the content of protein was submited from spring to autumn reduce tendency signally( F=5. 11, P < 0.05). And the seasonal change tendency of the content of crude fat are similar as protein. The content of crude fibre and crude ash content was minimum in spring, but in other season have increase obviously. The nutrition composition content in the seed of pines and Juglans mandshurica were higher than other plant leaf and buds, and Seed of Juglans mandshurica in content of protein and crude fat were higher than confivorous seed and tender branch, leaf, bud of other plant obviously. Squirrel food in energy reduce tendency were autumn > winter>summer> spring. In autumn and winter, the energy of food of squirrel were bigger inXiaoxingan Mountain than in Daxingan Mountain obviously. In spring and summer, the discrepancy were not obvious. 6) in autumn and winter section. in all squirrel behavior types, the most of times are to feeding behavior, take 70.6% 82.6%, other behavior such as chased mutually between individual, decorate, coaching, were less. Since artificial pick for the seed of Korean pine and Pinus pumila, Larv gmelini. cutting down confivorous tree in large quantities to cause seed of food resource plenty of decreasing. In autumn because of the decreasing of food resource, squirrel coaching behavior also relatively decrease. 7) Red squirrel digests rate existent seasonal discrepancy. In autumn, the digestion of squirrel is led biggest( 76.20 ?1.52%), secondly, is spring( 63.20 ?3.68%) and summer( 55.71 ?5.0 1%), the digest...
Keywords/Search Tags:Sciurus vulgaris mantchuricus, strategy of nutritional adaptation, population, genetic diversity
PDF Full Text Request
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