| This paper has elaborated the photosynthetic physiological property of soybean and it's relationship with yields.1. We study the changes of photosynthetic physiological property with the years changing and the yields growing up with 12 varieties, which were bred at different eras. The results show that:Accompany years progressing, the output of soybean seed increases 20 kg / hectares each year. Yields raising 56%, and piant photosynthetic rate raise 57.04%. The photosynthetic rate shows significant positive correlation with yields at the period of pod bearing(r = 0.9221), reaches the notable level of 1%. Tne study of plant layer distribution shows that the increase of photosynthetic rate of the varieties at the present years is because that the photosynthetic rate of under layer leaves increases. The varieties at the present years are more anti-lodging than the varieties at the early years.2. We study the changing of photosynthetic rate, leaf specific weight, leaf area for photosynthesis, leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, chlorophyll content, Rubisco-ase activity, and Hill reaction activity among varieties, and their relationship with yields.(1) The photosynthetic rate varies among the varieties at the present years. The yields of varieties are mainly contributed by the leaves in the middle of the plants. The photosynthetic rate of unit area of leaf doesn't show correlation with yields, but that of plant and population show significant positive correlation(r = 0.828).(2) The leaf specific weight varies from 46.45% to 61.12% among varieties. Leaf specific weight shows significant positive correlation with yields and photosynthetic rate, and the correlation coefficient reaches very notable level for 0.9102 and 7.9280, respectively.(3)The leaf area and the leaf area changing vary among varieties. Thevarieties with higher yields get the max leaf area earlier, and decrease slowly. That is, the period of keeping max leaf area is longer. The leaf area index shows significant positive correlation with yields at the later stage. The max leaf area between 5.0 and 7.0 shows significant positive correlation with yields.(4) The photosynthetic potential varies from 171800 to 223100 m2day / mu among varieties. The photosynthetic potential from 20 varieties all shows significant positive correlation with biological yields and economic yields, and the correlation coefficient reaches very notable level for 0.9280 and 0.8957, respectively.(5) The chlorophyll content in the varieties of 1990's raises 39% in average than that of 1950's, and raises 16% than that of 1970's. The chlorophyll amount of culture soybean is lower 9.65% than that of wild soybean, but the content of chlorophyll b raises greatly. The chlorophyll content shows significant correlation with yields. The value of chlorophyll a/b shows significant negative correlation with yields, and others show significant positive correlation with yields.(6) The activity of Rubisco-ase varies among varieties. The range 0.748 ?mol/mg-fw-h at the period of pod filing is more than that 0.514 ?mol/mg-fw-h at the period of seedling. The difference came from varieties is lower than that from the growth stage. Culture soybean shows non-significant difference with wild soybean. The activity of Rubisco-ase shows some correlation with yields at the periods of pod filing, and the correlation coefficient 0.5031, doesn't reach noble level.(7) The activity of Hill reaction activity varies from 88.7 -mol/mg-chl-h to108.9 -mol/mg-chl-h among varieties. The activity of Hill reaction activity shows significant negative correlation with yields and photosynthetic rate, and the correlation coefficient reaches very notable level for 0.7504 and 0.7866, respectively.3. We study the photosynthetic physiological property with the same varieties under 5 kinds of output levels, and it's relationship with yields. The results show that:The photosynthetic rate of unit area of leaf doesn't show correlation with yields, but that of plant...
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