| The present paper deals with the morphology , developmental cycle and pathogenicity of E.tenella from Xiamen, the paper also deals with the immune response of chicken to E.tenella ,and study on the effect of algae transformed T a 1 gene for anti-cbccidia, the results as follows:The study on the biology of E.tenella from Xiamen, it deals with the following contents:1. The E.tenella was separated from chiken in Xiamen using a new single-oocyst isolation technical, and the other method for purification of E.tenella was also established with discontinuous sucrose gradient. The result showed that both of these methods are effective.2. Study on the endogenous cycle of E.tenella from Ximen , the technical involves the smear of caecum mucosa, tissue section and electron microscope, the results indicated that schizont of E.tenella including 3 generations, there are 2 types in the second generation schizont, the phagocytes were important in transferring of merozoite; The rhotry(RH) of merozoite was earlier appeared than the microneme(MN) and a phenomenon of molting appeared during the period of maturation of merozoites. The number of macrogametocytes is more 50 times than that of microgametecytes. There are 4 flagellum in microgamete and there are several microgametes appeared in one region of several host cells.3. The wall-forming body 1(WF1) was loose, and earlier appeared than the wall-forming body2(WF2)that is fine and close. With Cryostate sections combining freezing, stained with Sudan black B, the result indicated that the chemical composition in macrogamet is lipoid.4. It spended about 20h at 27 for sporulation, the incubation period is146h, the pathogenicyty of sporulated oocyst is declined obviously stored at 47癈 for 4 months. When the oocysts were stored at 4 and 8 for 30 days before sporulation,the sporulation rate was nearly zero. The pathogenicity of E.tenella from Xiamen1. Oral infection with the dosage of 10, 000 oocysts, the death rate of chicken was 40%-60%. It is relatively more harmful to chickens within 10 day age than other age chickens.2. The biochemical indexes number changed in chickens after infection with E.tenella XM and showed the anaemia symptom.3. It was found that the villus of caecum of chicken reduced and broke off after infection with E.tenella XM, the host cell membrane of nucleus was damaged obviously and this damage was only found in host cell that infected with microgametocyt. The number of mitochondrion decreased obviously in host cell after infection E.tenella(Xiamen). Study on antibody to coccidia1. Preparation the the antigen of coccidian with freezing and melting, the result proved it was a good methold, and also found it was better than that of ultrasonic crushing.2. An indirect ELISA for detecting serum E.tenella -specifec antibody in chicken was successfully established, and result proved that the peak value was appeared at 4th day after infection. The biodistribution of Thymosin a 1 in chickens and the effect of algae transformed Thymosin a 1 gene.1. An indirect ELISA for detecting T a 1 was established, with this assay, the result indicted that the content of T a 1 in several organs of chickens fed with algae transformed Thymosin a 1 gene were higher than that of control chickens.2. The experiment showed that the transformed algae is effective in protecting from coccidia infection, on the other hand, it can increase the levelof anti-body to coccidian.The paper perfected the endogenous cycle about E.tenella, and provide the new stuff about the life cycle, morphology, pathology and physiology of E.tenella. As an immunopromoter, the usage of algae transformed Ta 1 gene will give a new way to prevent coccidiasis. This work is very important in theory and practical for preventing coccidiasis.
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