| China is the center of origin and distribution of genus Actinidia and there are various genotypes, which provides broad breeding materials for creating new cultivars. It has not systematically studied for genetic diversity especially for the evaluation on the DNA level and cryopreservation of genus Actinidia in past. Therefore, we have formulated this study to investigate the distribution and main traits, and to conduct AFLP analysis and cryopreservation of genus Actinidia in Jiangxi province which is one of the important distribution region. The major results are summarized and reported in this paper.1. Distribution and major Traits of Genus Actinidia in Jiangxi Province(1)The geographical distribution and floristic characters of genus Actinidia from Jiangxi province were studied by means of field surveys and examining herbarium specimens. The results indicate that there are 20 species and 11 varieties of Actinidia distributed in Jiangxi province, among them Actinidia. polygamya (Sieb.et Zucc.)Maxim., A. cinerascens C.F.Liang, A. fasciculoides var cuneata C.F.Liang, A. fasciculoides CF.Liang are newly recorded in Jiangxi Province. The distribution of genus Actinidia was tabulated according to its morphological various characters.(2)The geographical distribution is broad for genus Actinidia in Jiangxi province. It is distributed for Actinidia Chinensis Planch.all over this region. The universality of distribution for genus Actinidia is the result of diversity such ecological conditions as climate and soil. Jiangxi province is rich in endemic species of the genus, and 17 species endemic to China are found in whole province counting up 30.4% of total species. Interspecific and intraspecific differentiation of Actinidia was significantly high. The geographical impacts on the species are complex. The species endemic to China are widely distributed in the province. Species of Actinidia in Jiangxi province is closely related to that distributed in bordering regions of Fujian province.(3)The fruit characters of genus Actinidia in Jiangxi were determined and the nutritional constituents were analyzed. The results showed that the genus Actinidia in Jiangxi contained abundant genetic diversity in morphological characters and the nutritional constituents.(4)Dwarf genotype(Actinidia Chinensis Planch.cv.Ganmi No.5) and long-storage life genotype(Actinidia Chinensis Planch.line97-3) distributed in Jiangxi province were studied, and its utilization approach and preservation strategy were proposed.2. AFLP Analysis of Genus Actinidia(1)The results of four modified extraction methods for genomic DNA such as CTAB subarea method , SDS subarea method , CTAB regular method, and SDS regular method were suitable to kiwifruit. It has showed that CTAB subarea method was the best for AFLP analysis by comprehensive comparison. Its simple and quick procedure led to high-quality genomic DNA, which had lower elimination and impurity. By employing this method, very clear AFLP fingerprinting pattern was obtained.(2)Four pairs of primers: E-AAC+M-CAC; E-AAG+M-CTG; E-AAC + M-CAG ; E-AAC+M-CTAwere screened out from 64 pair of primers. Their signal intensity of amplified pattern was consistent, and distributed uniformly. A total of 190 sites were amplified, among which 179(94.2%) sites were polymorphic. The identification rates among 31 germplasms of genus Actinidia were up to 100%. Therefore, the results indicated that four pairs of primers are suitable for the AFLP analysis on genus Actinidia plants. The polymorphic band numbers for the germplasms showed some differences. The largest number for polymorphic band was in Actinidia melanandra French with polymorphic rate 60.3%, whole the smallest was in Actinidia Chinensis Planch.cv.Zaoxian with polymorphic rate 30.2%.The results indicated that the genetic diversity for genus Actinidia was abundant on the molecular level.(3)DNA fingerprint map of 31 kiwifruit accessions were constructed by AFLP technique for the first time. UPGMA analysis baseded on AFLP markers indicated that the similarity coefficient o...
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