Study On Characteristics Of Water Consumption Of Orchard And Supplementary Irrigation Effect On Loess Plateau Of Shanxi Province

Slope orchard in arid area is the main forestry manage model on Loess Plateau.Study on the distribution,transportion and consumption of water and nutrient and degenerated growth of fruit tree,which is the basis for the characteristics of evapotranspiration,produc- tivity efficient with water,the lowest soil water content,choosing suitable critical water requirement period ,supplementary irrigation quality and optional technique model for supplementary irrigation that have the important theory significance and practice value.Studying on the Fushi apple and pear tree in Chaijiachuan forest farm in Jixian country, Shanxi province ,with the orthogonal design and experiment for observation,research on the precipitation resource,soil water content , transpiration, evapotranspiration and fruit tree growth in the orchard of apple and pear tree in different growth season,at the same time, under the potted experiment,the paper analysed the relation between different soil water content with transpiration and physiological index.With the theory of limited irrigation,the paper also researched suitable supplementary irrigation period,quality and optional technique model for supplementary irrigation orchard in arid area.The results indicated:●Relative changing rate of precipitation is 18.1%,annual precipitation is concentrated in the summer and autumn,which is the 78.4 percent of the annual precipitation; the precipitation in spring (March to May) when the fruit tree is on the time for budding and blossom, is only 18.0 percent of the whole year, which influenced growth and yield in a long time.The budding period, young fruit growing period and fruit growing rapidly period are the periods that sensitive to water and critical water requirement period to the growth of apple and pear tree, which influenced final yield.●Although the supplementary irrigation relaxed the drought of the orchard,the precipitation in different years,the whole precipitation in the whole year and distribution of...