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Studies On The Physiological Characters Of Rice Cultivated On Upland Soil Condition And Its Mechanism Of Adaptation To The Environment

Posted on:2000-02-12Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:G X CuiFull Text:PDF
GTID:1103360185497014Subject:Plant Nutrition
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Upland farming of rice with mulch such as straw and film etc is newly cultural practices in terms of water-saving cultivation in recent years and plays an important role in rice production in drought areas and seasonal drought zones. Field trials and pot experiments were conducted to compare the difference of physiological characters of rice and adaptation to continuous water stress with the two main treatments, i.e. waterlogged soil condition and upland soil condition either by covering straw or film. The main results are presented as follows:1. Such stable yields of rice cultivated on upland soil condition either by covering straw or film could be obtained as those on waterlogged cultivation. Under lightly saline-alkali soil and rainfed condition in Jiangsu province in 1998, yield of hybrid rice Shanyou 63 and normal rice Taijing 1 was 7669.5 kg/ha and 6718.5 kg/ha, respectively, which was about 80-90% of yield on waterlogged cultivation. When water soluble salt content of soil was higher than 0.8 ms/cm, the yield of rice under upland farming was decreased dramatically, which meant that rice could not be planted in the way of upland farming in these soils.2. There were some variations in growth and yield factors of rice in upland farming. Total growth terms of rice was postponed for 7-14d. Compared with rice on waterlogged soil condition, such items were decreased to some extent, as harvest index, grain weight per spike, grain number per spike, setting percentage, spike length, thousand-grain weight, and yield of kernels of rice while spike number per hole, maximum tillering number per hole, available spike number per ha varied with soil fertility and planting density. Results of path analysis showed that key measures to obtain high yields of rice cultivated on upland soil conditions was to select varieties characterized by much more effective spikes per ha and grains per spike.3. Adaptations in rice morphology in upland farming were also observed. Compared with rice on waterlogged soil condition, plant height, dry matter ratios of root to shoot, leaf length, maximum root length, average root length,...
Keywords/Search Tags:Upland farming of rice with mulch, morphology, nitrate reductase activity, endogenous hormone, photosynthesis, glycolic acid oxidase activity, chlorophyll, root activity
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