Molecular Cloning Of Two Members Of HSP70 And Their Transcriptional Regulation Responding To Vibrio Alginolyticus Infection And Immunization In Xiphophorus Helleri

HSPs are a family of highly conserved cellular proteins that have been observed in all organisms, including fish. HSPs could be induced in cells when exposed to stress, and are considered to be involved in a general mechanism that helps cells to survive many lethal stresses. Extensive studies on model species have revealed several HSP families, which are named based on the molecular mass (kDa) of the protein. Of these, three major families of HSPs - HSP90 (85-90 kDa), HSP70 (68-73 kDa) and low-molecular-mass HSPs (16-24 kDa) - have been studied extensively. HSP70 is known to assist the folding of nascent polypeptide chains, act as a molecular chaperone and mediate the repair and degradation of altered or denatured proteins.There have been several efforts to validate the use of the HSP response as an indicator of stressed states in fish. Indeed, it has been shown that several forms of environmental stressors can induce the HSP response in fish. For example, increased levels of various HSPs have been measured in tissues of fish exposed to industrial effluents, several metals, pesticides and arsenite.As a consequence of their abundance and the high level of homology among various microorganisms,HSPs involve in immune response. Research showed that many human diseases relate to the expression of HSPs. HSPs induced in host could increase resistance to the inviromental stress . HSPs are also indeed major targets of host immune response .This is particularly true for the members of HSP70 family, which are among the most immunogenic proteins of pathogenic microorganisms. For instance, HSP70s have been supposed to play an important immunogenic role in infections caused by Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Schistosoma, Leishmania and Mycobacterium species. In the field of fungal pathogens, a member of the HSP70 family of Histoplasma capsulatum was recognized as a target of cell-mediated, protective immunity .The 70-kD heat-shock protein (HSP70) is the most abundant HSP and its structure is remarkably conserved among various organisms. HSP70could be induced in cells when exposed to stress and we surposed that HSP70could be the use of the HSP response as an indicator of...