Studies On The Germplasm Resources Of Naidong Shancha (Camellia Japonica L.)

NaiDong Shancha (Camellia japonica L.) is the wild population and its cultivars in Laoshan and islands nearby, Qingdao district. As the relict flora of Tertiary period, NaiDong Shancha (Camellia japonica L.) has important ecological and ornamental values. However, there is no complete study on the old and precious population yet.According to these, the wild distributions and cultivars of NaiDong Shancha (Camellia japonica L.)were investigated in detail, and the cultivars were named. Constract to the cultivars in southern China, their morphological traits, leaf structures, anatomy, physiologic and biochemical analysis and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) sequence were conducted. The main results were as follows.1. There were only 506 wild plants, distributed in Changmeiyan Island, Daguan Island and Laoshan Island. Their living conditions were destroied seriouly, but they lived very well with good care in recent years.2. In Jiaodong Peninsula, there were 16 cultivars and 2 variations of Camellia japonica L.,'Shuang Zhong Han Lu','Juan Ban Tu Rui','Ao Xue','Qiao Fen','Jiang Xue','Liang Ye Da Hong','Chang Zhu Nai Dong','Dao Cheng Chun Zao','Chi Pan Jin Xin','Hua Tuan Jin Cu','Mu Chun','Shen Hong Zou Ban','Fen Mian Tao Hong','Zi Xia','Bi Hai Chi Zhu','Xin Ye Xian Hong','Shuang Hong'and'Er Qiao'.3. Accoding to the flowering phase, these cultivars were dividied into 3 types.'Shuang Zhong Han Lu','Juan Ban Tu Rui','Ao Xue','Qiao Fen','Jiang Xue','Liang Ye Da Hong'belonged to the early flowering type.'Chang Zhu Nai Dong','Dao Cheng Chun Zao','Chi Pan Jin Xin'belonged to the median flowering type.The late flowering type included'Hua Tuan Jin Cu','Mu Chun','Shen Hong Zou Ban','Fen Mian Tao Hong','Zi Xia','Bi Hai Chi Zhu','Xin Ye Xian Hong','Shuang Hong'and'Er Qiao'. Among these, the flowering phase of'Mu Chun','Shuang Hong'and'Xin Ye Xian Hong'were extremely late.4. The leaf of NaiDong Shancha (Camellia japonica L.). was typical anticlinal wall, with the xeromorphic characteristic. The cuticle thickness, fold shape, adhesion of the upper epidermis, the morphological characteristics of the anticlinal wall, stoma and gland of the lower epidermis, the palisade tissue, spongy tissue and lithocyst of the mesophyll could be the basis of the cultivar classification. Besides, the ratio of the thickness of the palisade tissue to that of the spongy tissue, to...