Changes In Soil Fauna And Its Significance In Ecological Indicator For The Paddy And Karst Ecosystems

The community structure and function of soil fauna in ecosystems received severe negative impact with the increasing population, soil degradation and environment pollution. As an important part, soil fauna and its change could reflect the degradation or resume of ecosystem and give science foundation for evaluating the sustainability of land utilization mode, and natural/agricultural resources protection. So, changes of soil fauna and its ecological significance in the Paddy and Karst Ecosystems were studied. Dominant species of soil animals in paddy ecosystem were nematode,enchytraeidae, collembolan, acarina, and araneida with 70% percent of soil animal being in the surface soil of 0-10cm, and earthworm and acarus were especially sensitive to different fertilization. There were 7 species of earthworm and their community composition differed much among fertilization treatments. Long term single fertilizer applying would reduce species number, total number, and biodiversity index of earthworm in the field. The protein content and amino acid constitute of earthworm were also affected by fertilization treatments, for example, the total content and majority of amino acid were reduced under single fertilizer applying treatment with less 25kd protein and more 33kd protein, however, total amino acid content in earthworm increased under long term organic matter fertilization and more protein content in earthworm was found in field where fertilizer combined with organic matter was applied.In degradation Karst Ecosystem, the total number or species number of soil animal was less than that in forest ecosystem at the same latitude, and the dominant species were acarina, collembolan, nematode, and Lepidoptera, while cpistopora, enchytraeidae, araneida, Lepidoptera, and diptere being familiar species. The diversity index in the ecosystem was less than 1.5, and decreased to 0.11 in areas without any plant. Parholaspidae could be found in any krasnozem environment, but trhypochthoniidae and ologamasidae were quite sensitive to ecosystem degeneration. The ratio of...