| The research on an innovative system of Chinese Ecological Agriculture (CEA) shows not only important value in science, but also practical significance in improving the quality of producing areas and agro-products, in guaranteeing sustainable development of China's agriculture and protection of national eco-environment security. The study focus on the innovation and development of CEA. Combining the analysis of statistical data with surveys both in typical areas and large-scale regions, combining qualitative analysis with quantitative research, combining theoretical innovation, case study with acquirement from predecessors'results, the main conclusions are as follows:(1) The concept of CEA is relatively different from that aboard. Being guided with the multidisciplinary principles of ecology, agronomy, environmental and resource science, economics and engineering, CEA is an efficient cycling agricultural production system with the feature of harmonization of ecology, economy and social affairs, and with the function of multi-sector, multi-level and multi-purpose.(2) CEA is still in its infancy stage in development. The theoretical system of CEA at present is weak owing to its a little more idealistic and complicated, and the strategical thought is not clear completely. The vital technologies is in lack and the integration of them is much low; relative policies, management and social security systems are still weak, all of which have seriously restricted CEA's sustainable development.(3) CEA should be guided with multidisciplinary principles and methods at least including ecology, economics, agronomy, environmental and resources science, and agricultural engineering. In addition, the theoretical connotation of CEA should also include the theory of appropriate input to agro-ecosystem, the theory of a cycle of material with economy, the theory of ecological agricultural industrialization, and the theory of engineering match for CEA.(4) An innovative thought for the development of CEA has been put forward. Based on China's basic condition and actual demands for the long-term development, CEA should be guided by scientific theories, should follow the principles of overall harmony, should be advanced, and practical and feasible. The industrialization should be the kernel of the innovative system of CEA, in which an upgrading technological strategy, an efficient policy strategy, and a regional promotion strategy are included. CEA should aim at the win-win goal of eco-environment safety and high efficiency of agriculture with the implementation of above strategy, matching with the mechanical innovations in science and technology, policy, management, and public participation. CEA should become the dominant alternative of conventional agriculture in the next ten years.(5)The strategy system of CEA innovation consists of industrialization strategy, technological upgrading strategy, regional promotion strategy and policy ensuring strategy. The industrialization strategy is at the core, and the technological upgrading strategy and the policy security strategy are the guarantees, and the regional promotion strategy is the approach to the objectives. With the combination of the four strategies and mechanical innovation of management, the CEA innovation and development system could be realized on schedule.(6) The industrialization strategy covers six branches, brand, standardization, production base, deep processing, recycling industrial chain, and service and market management. The most important of CEA industrialization system in a middle term is to develop commercial base production, deep processing of agricultural products, and new-type ecological industry.(7) The technology upgrading strategy concludes innovation of science and technology, enhancing the transfer of scientific and technological achievements, input security to science and technology, and level upgrading of science and technology. The innovation of science and technology is the key strategy, and its middle-term target should focus on environmental construction in producing areas, cleaner agricultural production and selection of resource-saving, environmentally-friendly and high-efficiency CEA models.The management and policy strategy consists of policy guaranteeing, public participation, information and market construction, demonstration and extension, and innovation of organization models, in which the innovation of policy and organization models is of the most important.(8) The regional promotion strategy is put forward according to the regional feature of eight eco-agriculture zones in China, Northeast China zone, Huang-Huai-Hai zone, Loess Plateau zone, Northwest China inland areas, Southwest China zone, the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River zone, South China zone, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau zone. The stressed directions and main scopes of regional ecological agriculture in future were advanced.(9) Principles that should be followed for the innovation of CEA models are overall harmony, innovation based on time and location, combination of natural regulation and mankind control, and beneficial to economy, ecology and social aspects.(10) Restricting factors to promote CEA is posted too. In practice, it is difficult to extend the models with the weakness of low efficiency and frequent labor input, inconsistent with local realities, missing nodes or section or lacking supporting technology, or without consideration of farmers'will.(11) Innovation of CEA models is discussed in four aspects, industrialization, technology, management, and regional feature. Innovative industry model is the kernel of the model system, which will be supported by technology models and management models, and in practice they will be carried out in typical regions. The rational industry models of CEA in future are mainly linked with base production model, technology-oriented model, benefit-oriented model, market-oriented model, and nongovernmental-organization-oriented model.The innovation of technology-oriented model should focus on developing ecological substitutes for inputs, controlling cropland contamination, agro-products cleaner production, and technology of rapid monitoring to environmental quality.The future management models may be contributed with farmer-decided model, nongovernmental-organization-decided model, government-organized model, and market-led model. According to the developing direction and main scopes of the eight regions, the dominant models and the relevant matching models were proposed for each of the eight zones in China.(12) Evaluation index system of CEA was initially built up with 28 indexes, which covers the structure, function and benefit of the CEA system. The evaluation system has been tested in different-scale agro-ecosystems from city, county to village.(13) Five elements, namely the government, farmers, agro-enterprises, scientists and technicians, and consumers, can influence the innovation of organization and management model, directions for the future policy system were discussed in the paper.(14) The basic framework of innovation of organization and management model is the system in which scientists, NGOs, enterprises participate and is government-guided. Farmers and enterprises are the principal part in the development of CEA, and government and public participation are necessary condition for the healthy development of CEA.(15) The major measures to implement the strategy include building an innovative system of science and technology, strengthening the system the policy and investment, perfecting the mechanism of public participation and innovating models of organization and management.
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