Studies On The Effects Of Habitats To Sweet Orange [Citrus Sinesis (L.)Osbeck] Fruit Texture

This study investigated the changes on texture composition content and on cell wall enzymes of PE,PG,β-glucosidase on sweet orange in six different habitats of Sichuan Province, including thesouth-subtropics of Jing sha and Yalong River with hold a dry and hot climate of Anning town andHong'ge town in Yanbian County, the middle-subtopic climate of Jiang'an and Changning, themiddle-north-subtopic of Ming Shan and Jingya County (Zhoupo).The material of study was Navelorange which including the Robertson navel orange, Newhall navel orange and Fengqi. Valencia sweetorange fruits was another material as well. The quantitative analysis of HP, WSP, ADF, NDF, SDF, IDF,HC and CEL were determined by method of NIRS. The the relation to texture composition and threeenzymes were analyzed. The gray correlations on climatic factors to texture composition for the keyclimatic factors and the key period. The results showed that:1. The method of NIRS for analysis texture composition quantitative were suitable for eight itemsof HP, WSP, ADF, NDF, SDF, IDF, HC and CEL. The results precision by the optimized modes onNIRS were closed to which results by chemistry. Those modes were able to forecast the new samples onsweet oranges nearly each one item entirely.And This studying give the further research on how toenlarge the adaptability of models which could enlarge the modeling numbers and ranges.2. The changes on texture composition and enzymes reactivity by material of Robertson navelorange and Valencia in Jiang'an showed that two of them have a great different character on maturationand textural compositions were depend on the basic physiology and biochemistry foundation: Thequantity on all items above have great difference . Robertson navel orange tasted a few residue because it was lower in HP and in CEL than Valencia sweet orange;however, the content on SDF andWSP was higher. And during the fruit development and maturation, the changes range on Robertsonwas bigger than Valencia. And the enzymes reactivity on PE, PG andβ-glucosidase trends were similarto the texture composition trend. But during the later time of maturationβ-glucosidase reactivity onValencia was higher than the Robertson, the key reason might be the CEL and HC contrent on Valenciawere higher,β-glucosidase had a important role on hydrolyzing the cell for fruit pulp duringmaturation.3. The changes on texture composition and enzymes reactivity by navel oranges of Robertson,Newhall and fengqi showed that, reasons have a big different characters on textural composition forthree navel orange were depended on the content: HP. WSP, SDF, IDF, ADF, NDF, HC and CEL.Thehighest quality texture on navel orange might be on t higher SDF and WSP content, lower on HP and thebigger change range for those items during the development and maturation. The key hydrolyzeemzymes effected navel orange texture were PE and PG,β-glucosidase might be on effect PE and PGtogether.4. Habitats have a significant effect on navel orange fruit pulp texture composition in WSP, HP,SDF, ADF, NDF, HC and CEL. IDF was showed the difference in different habitats but no significanceeither. The habitats were the main reason caused the same varity navel orange fruit pulp a differentquality on texture.5.The enzymes of PE, PG andβ-glucosidase in the different habitats showed a big difference,especially it was starting about 80 days after anthesis on expansion stage.The enzymes of PE, PG andβ-glucosidase change on range and on the time of peaks were different.6. The climatic factors on HP of fruit pulp by gray correlation analysis showed ,key climatic factorswere relative humidity and precipitation monthly and annually, key periods were May to June andSeptember to November. For WSP, it was similar to HP, but periods were from June to July, Septemberto October. For the Newhall navel orange key climatic factors on sun hours were very important fortexture quality, this could be the ecological foundation of Newhall can get a highest fruitquality. highest yield and highest texture on the south-subtropics of Hong'ge. Considering about SDF,IDF, ADF, IDFand the CEL, key climatic factors were precipitation and relative humidity too, the keyperiods were May to June, and August to September, the November. HC has a little bit difference which key climatic factors same to CEL but their annuly index added, periods were May to June and August toSeptember. Sum up: the most important climatic factors effected the texture composition on navelorange in different habitats were precipitation and relative humidity and the most important periods forHP. WSP, SDF, IDF, ADF, NDF, HC and CEL were May to June, the August to September. Newhall needthe more sun hours for high quality and high yield.