Study On The Monitoring And Analysis Of Forest Health In Hilly Mountains Of South JiangXi

Taking forest health project area of XinFeng County of JiangXi Province as the investigating area, forest health monitoring index system was constructed and the different indexes factors were analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)There were a few diversity differences among different vegetation types in the test area. The analysis ofαdiversity was as follows.①The broadleaf forest of Castanopsis rargesn had the biggest richness among arbor layer and the coniferous mixed forest of Masson Pine-Cunninghamia lanceolata least. The broadleaf forest had the higher species diversity than the coniferous forest; The changes of evenness were different from richness and diversity. The mixed wood of Cunninghamia lanceolata-Chinese sweet gum had the biggest species evenness.②The mixed wood and the coniferous mixed forest had a higher shrub layer richness than Castanopsis rargesn; The changes of Simpson diversity index were more lenitive than Shannor-Wiener diversity index. This change showed that the effects of Shannor-Wiener diversity index were bigger than Simpson diversity index.③Among the herb layer richness, the mixed wood and the coniferous mixed forest were better than the coniferous pure forest and the broadleaf forest.; Two kinds of diversity indexes existed the smaller disparity phenomenon. The analysis ofβdiversity was as follows.①Among the arbor layer, the coniferous mixed forest of Masson Pine-Cunninghamia lanceolata, Slash Pine-Cunninghamia lanceolata, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Chinese sweet gum had the most Similarity and the leastβdiversity. Slash Pine -Cunninghamia lanceolata and Phyllostachys pubescens had the lowest Similarity and the largestβdiversity.②Among the shrub layer, Slash Pine-Cunninghamia lanceolata and Castanopsis rargesn sparse young forest and Slash Pine forest , Masson Pine sparse young forest and Slash Pine-Cunninghamia lanceolata all had the higher Similarity.③Among the shrub layer, Masson Pine inefficient pure forest had the smallest Similarity and the largestβdiversity. Masson Pine sparse young forest and Masson Pine-Cunninghamia lanceolata had the largest Similarity.(2)The growth situations and climatic productivity of different forest communities were studied. Among the different forest communities, the growth situations were different from each other. the worst was Cunninghamia lanceolata stand, Masson pine stand and Castanopsis rargesn stand were correspondingly better correspondingly in the whole growth situation. The average diameter of Cunninghamia lanceolata stand was bigger than the mixed stand appreciably. Because Cunninghamia lanceolata stand was the second generation stand and Masson pine stand's forest land conditions were poor. The heights of the different forest communities were very near in the same condition of the diameter at breast height, while the height increment of Cunninghamia lanceolata stand was obviously lagged behind that of Masson pine stand and Castanopsis rargesn stand. The individual volume of Castanopsis rargesn stand was the lowest as well as the wood volume per unit area. The trunk biomass of broadleaved tree stand was the lowest while the forest community biomass was the highest, which was 1.8 times of the lowest forest community biomass, Castanopsis rargesn stand. Castanopsis rargesn , Masson pine and the broadleaf forest accounted for 17.8%,20.96% and 25.27% of climatic productivity respectively.(3)Combining atmospheric factors and microtopography factors, forest fire was monitored and analyzed. Among three districts, Baijian had the highest forest fire danger rating. Zhizhushan was in the middle and Jiading lowest.(4)Pine caterpillar and Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang's occurrence regularities and quantitative monitoring were studied. Pine caterpillar's occurrence had significant correlation with tree species, the relative dominance of shrub and herb, the plant species diversity, the stand canopy density; Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang's occurrence had significant correlation with the plant species diversity, the relative dominance of shrub, tree species proportion.(5)Forest snow disaster was studied and analyzed. Trees which grew in north slope and southeast slope had the higher harmed rate. Northeast slope had the lower harmed rate. Gentle slope suffered the most severe forest snow disaster and the ramp was lower. Trees which grew in mountain groove and midslope had the higher harmed rate. Trees (<200m or 301 m～400 m elevation) suffered more damage than trees (<400m elevation).(6)Using LFA landscape function monitoring and evaluation method(D J Tongway and N L Hindley ,2004), this paper evaluated the stability , permeability and nutrient cycling of forest type soil in experimental area. The soil permeacility index : Phyllostachys pubescens > Castanopsis rargesn>the mixed forest > Cunninghamia lanceolata >fire belt>barren hill>navel orange economic forest>underage-forest>Massion pine, the index values of those forests were between 59.51 and 27.07. The index values of bamboo forest , Castanopsis fargesii forest ,mixed forest of coniferous and hardwood and Chinese fir forest were between 59.51 and 52.5. The index values of fire belt ,barren hill ,navel orange economic forest and underage-forest were between 48.96 and 40.185,the index of Massion pine forest was the lowest with 27.08. Soil nutrient cycling index: Phyllostachys pubescens>navel orange economic forest=fire belt>the mixed forest>Castanopsis rargesn>barren hill>Cunninghamia lanceolata> underage-forest>Massion pine, the index values of those forests were between 58.97 and 13.56. Those of Phyllostachys pubescens, navel orange economic forest, fire belt , the mixed forest and Castanopsis rargesn forest were between 58.97 and 49.14;those of Cunninghamia lanceolata forest and underage-forest were between 41.02 and 29.7; that of Massion pine forest was the lowest with 13.56 . The stability, permeability and nutrient cycling index values of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Massion pine had large proportions, accounted for 62%,57% and 49% of the total respectively. The proportions of navel orange economic forest, underage-forest, Phyllostachys pubescens, barren hill and fire belt were below 5%.(7)By established slope runoff experimental area, channel runoff weir and multi-point stakes, this paper observed and studied the soil conservation benefit of different land-use types in the experimental area for long-term. The results showed that, the biological treatment measures obviously improved the soil conservation benefit. The soil conservation benefit of greening barren hill and closed forest were very good. The measures of replanting shrub and tree were better than the measures of replanting herb...