Copmarative Proteomic Profiles Of The Hepatopancreas In Fenneropenaeus Chinensis Response To Stresses

Shrimp diseases and the deterioration of environment are two serious challenges faced by shrimp farming in the world. The frequent shrimp diseases caused by bacteria and virus have led to serious economics loss of shrimp production. The environmental stress caused by the deterioration of aquiculture environment not only stunted normal growth of shrimp, but also decreased the immune capability leading to an increased susceptibility to infectious disease of shrimp. The studies on changes of proteins expression patterns in shrimp challenged by stresses and pathogen infection are very important to know more about the mechanisms of anti-stress and anti-disease in shrimp, and support information to anti-stress and anti-disease shrimp culture.Hepatopancreas, a main organ of decapods for digestion, absorption, storage and metabolism, play a major role in initiating the defense response in shrimp. The variations of protein expression profiles in hepatopancreas have a close relationship with the health situation of shrimp.In this study, proteomics approach (2-DE, tandem MS and database search) were used to research protein expression profiles of the hepatopancreas in Fenneropenaeus chinensis. Some important progresses are as followes:1. A proteomic reference map with wide pH/MW range, high resolution and good reproduction for hepatopancreas of healthy adult Chinese shrimp was obtained using 2-DE. By tandem MS and multifarious database search methods, 122 spots (68 proteins) were successfully identified. Among these protein spots, 14 spots (9 proteins) participate in energy metabolism, 15 spots (9 proteins) participate in amino acid metabolism, 10 spots (5 proteins) participate in carbohydrate metabolism, 2 spots (1 proteins) participate in glycan metabolism, 11 spots (5 proteins) participate in metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, 1 spots (1 proteins) participate in lipid metabolism, 5 spots (3 proteins) participate in nucleotide metabolism, 7 spots (3 proteins) participate in digestive enzymes, 3 spots (1 proteins) participate in cytoskeleton proteins, 14 spots (8 proteins) participate in immune, 9 spots (6 proteins) are antioxidant proteins, 19 spots (7 proteins) are chaperone, 4 spots (3 proteins) participate in signal transduction, 3 spots (3 proteins) participate in translation and 5 spots (4 proteins) are ungrouped proteins.2. Based on the reference map, the mechanisms of envionmental stress response in Chinese shrimp were investigated using proteomic approach. In hepatopancreas of Chinese shrimp, after hypoxic stress, 52 differentially expressed protein spots (15 up-regulated, 37 down-regulated) were successfully identified, including 11 protein spots related to energy production, 13 protein spots related to immune, 11 protein spots involved in the metabolism, 6 antioxidant protein spots, 7 chaperone spots, 2 cytoskeleton protein spots and 2 ungrouped protein spots; after cadmium stress, 29 differentially expressed protein spots (4 up-regulated, 25 down-regulated) were successfully identified, including 9 protein spots related to energy production, 3 protein spots related to immune, 9 protein spots involved in the metabolism, 5 antioxidant protein spots, 2 chaperone spots and 1 ungrouped protein spots. The transcription levels of 10 selected genes which encode the differentially expressed proteins after hypoxia were also analyzed by real-time PCR.3. The mechanisms of immune response in Chinese shrimp were investigated using proteomic approach. In hepatopancreas of Chinese shrimp challenged with killed Vibrio anguillarum, 45 differentially expressed protein spots (4 up-regulated, 41 down-regulated) were successfully identified, including 6 protein spots related to energy production, 4 protein spots related to immune, 22 protein spots involved in the metabolism, 4 antioxidant protein spots, 7 chaperone spots, 1 translation related protein spot and 2 ungrouped protein spots; in hepatopancreas of Chinese shrimp challenged with white spot syndrome virus, 48 differentially expressed protein spots (11 up-regulated, 37 down-regulated) were successfully identified, including 7 protein spots related to energy production, 9 protein spots related to immune, 20 protein spots involved in the metabolism, 5 antioxidant protein spots and 7 chaperone spots.Based on these results, we discussed the mechanism of stresses response and immune response of shrimp and shed light on the relationship between environmental stresses and shrimp's immune capability. This study set a basis for further analyses of some key genes in stresses and immune response in shrimp.