Study On The Relationship Between Human Body Composition And Multiple Metabolic Diseases

Background and AimsMiddle-aged and elderly population is at high risk for chronic metabolic diseases. Most former studies focused on single disease made it difficult to investigate the relationship between the diseases. In this study, we explore the relationship between various metabolic diseases in the same community refer to internationally renowned Rotterdam Study.MethodsFrom June2009to June2012,5527permanent residents in Shanghai Changfeng community participated a cross-sectional epidemiological survey. Height, weight, waist and hip circumference and blood pressure were measured. Blood glucose and two hours OGTT glucose and lipids were tested. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and bilateral hip were detected using iDXA of GE Company. Diagnosis of overweight/obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis were made according to guidelines for Chinese.ResultsSubjects’age ranged from45.99to95.84, in which43.0%were men. The prevalence of overweight/obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism (including diabetes and pre-diabetes), hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome and bone abnormalities (including osteopenia and osteoporosis) were51.45%,43.76%,56.22%,63.42%,29.47%and50.95%respectively. The prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension and bone abnormalities gradually increased with age (from29.42%,34.23%and31.85%to57.16%,82.54%and70.69%respectively). The prevalence of overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome reached a peak in65to74,55to64and75to84years old age groups.ConclusionsOverweight/obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome and abnormal bone mass were popular in middle-aged and elderly population. The prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension and osteoporosis increased gradually with age. Backgrounds and AimsObesity is a disease with excessive accumulation of body fat. Body mass index and body composition measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is different parameter reflect the state of obesity. This article aims to explore the relationship between anthropometry parmeters and body composition with multiple diseases such as abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome and abnormal bome metabolism.MethodsFrom June2009to June2012,5527permanent residents in Shanghai Changfeng community participated a cross-sectional epidemiological survey. Height, weight, waist and hip circumference and blood pressure were measured. Blood glucose and two hours OGTT glucose and lipids were tested. Body composition, bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and bilateral hip were detected using iDXA of GE Company. Diagnosis of overweight/obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis were made according to guidelines for Chinese.Results1. The prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome was higher in obesity and overweight groups (65.8%and49.9%,79.3%and63.5%,68.2%and69.3%,68.2%and43.7%, repectively) than that in normal weight and underweight groups. The prevalence of abnormal bone metabolism was lower in obesity and overweigh groups (40.0%and44.6%respectively) than that in normal weight and underweight groups (57.7%and80.3%respectively).2. The normal95%reference of fat mass, lean mass and percentage of body fat in normal weight without abnormal metabolism is8.36to23.99kg,27.77to49.77kg and16.38%to41.40%. 3. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the percentage of body fat was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose,2hours OGTT glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C (r values were0.077,0.121,0.096,0.062,0.233,0.109and0.202respectively, P<0.001) and negatively correlated with bone mineral desity of lumbar spine and bilateral hip (rvalues were0.239,0.324and0.320respectively, P <0.001)4. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that2hour OGTT, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-C levels was associated with percentage of body fat independent of body mass index.Conclusions1. The levels of risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids (including triglycerides, LDL-C) and the prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome increased while bone mineral density and the prevalence of osteoporosis decreased with the aggravation of the degree of obesity.2. A suitable propotion of fat mass tissue is necessary for human health. The normal reference range of body fat percent of study population was16.38%to41.40%(Male:.13.69%to32.10%; Female:25.82%to41.80%).3. The levels of blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids increased with the excessive accumulation of body fat. Only2hour OGTT glucose, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C was associated with percentage of body fat indepent of body mass index. The relationship of body fat and blood glucose, blood pressure and blood lipids needs further study.4. The performance that bone mineral density and the prevalence of osteoporosis increased with body fat percent, but not with body mass index needs further study. Background and aimsThe relationship between body fat with osteoporosis is controversial. We try to explore the relationship and mechanisms between body composition and osteoporosis.MethodsFrom June2009to June2012,5527permanent residents of Shanghai Changfeng community participated the study. Anthropometric parameter (including height, weight, waist and hip circumference) were measured.25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured. Bone mineral density and body composition were automatically tested using iDXA of GE Company.5250subjects with complete data were included in the analysis finally.Results1. The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in this population was18.93%and32.02%respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in women than in men (26.07%vs9.31%, P<0.001).2. Body mass index, lean mass and fat mass was significantly lower in osteoporosis than that in normal (23.8±3.5kg/m2vs24.9±3.1kg/m2,35.52±6.36kg vs42.66±7.30kg,19.84±5.75kg vs20.86±5.70kg, P<0.001)3. Pearson correlation analysis showed that bone mineral density of lumbar spine and bilateral hip were positively correlated with fat mass and lean mass. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that bone mineral density was associated with body mass index and fat mass percent.4. The percentage of body fat was correlated with25(OH)D negatively and with PTH positively.Conclusions1. Middle-aged and elderly women, lean persons were at high risk of osteoporosis.2. Fat mass and lean mass in osteoporosis and osteopenia were lower than the normal population. Fat mass and lean mass were correlated with bone mineral density positively. The relationship between bone mineral density and lean mass was indepent of body mass index.3. Body fat percentage was negatively correlated with bone mineral density indepent of body mass index. The bone mineral density decreased with the increase of fat mass in overweight and obesity.4. The decline of the level of vitamin D caused by the increase of fat mass may be one reason for the increase of the prevalence of osteoporosis.