Study On Enrichment Of Disease - Related Protein Complex And Sialylated Glycopeptide In Serum

As we all know. Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) have become a serious hazard to human health problems. Protein complexes as a whole combined by different proteins play an important role in many biological processes in vivo. The relationships between diseases and glycosylation of proteins have been paid more and more attention. In this study, simple and optimized gel electrophoresis approach was used to explore the association between NCDs (diabetes and psychosis) and protein complexes and protein glycosylation, while the studies of a natural material for enrichment of sialoglycopeptides have been performed.1. Study of immunoinflammation-related protein complexes in psychosisEmerging evidence suggests an underlying immune and inflammatory response for a variety of psychiatric disorders. Herein, we employed an optimized native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native-PAGE) to isolate psychosis-related serum immunoinflammation-related protein complexes (IIRPCs) from 147 patients with schizophrenia (SCH),158 patients with bipolar disorder (BPD),132 patients with other psychosis, and 145 normal controls. All participants could be classified into four categories based on serum IIRPCs (a, b, c, and d), which correspond to 290,215,70, and 7 serum samples, correspondingly. For pattern a and b, significantly enhanced amounts of serum IIRPCs in patients with SCH, BPD, and other psychosis groups were observed compared with normal controls. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that serum IIRPCs have excellent diagnostic performance to differentiate SCH, BPD, and other psychosis groups from normal controls, with high sensitivities and specificities of>85%. Total serum amounts of IgG, IgA, and IgM in all patients were significantly decreased compared with normal controls.2. Study of immunoinflammation-related protein complexes in diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood glucose level, aberrant lipid metabolism, and aberrant glycosylation of some glycoproteins. Aberrant humoral immune responses may also correlate with diabetes mellitus. In this study, an optimized native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native-PAGE) was employed to isolate immunoinflammation-related protein complexes (IIRPCs) and diabetes-related protein complexes (DRPCs) in 1537 serum samples from 504 healthy controls,320 patients with prediabetes, and 713 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and mass spectrometry was employed to identify glycoforms and glycosylation sites of diabetes-specific glycoprotein. Seven patterns of serum IIRPCs and four patterns of serum DRPCs were observed in the study population, respectively. Significantly increased levels of serum IIRPCs in patients with T2DM were observed compared with controls and patients with prediabetes, while increased trend of the levels of serum DRPCs is as follows:patients with T2DM> patients with prediabetes> healthy controls. In addition, the O-linked glycosylation at the site of T582 of complement C3-β subunit, one component of serum DRPCs, has a good capability to distinguish among healthy controls, prediabetes, and T2DM. Our findings indicate that increased levels of serum IIRPCs and DRPCs are closely associated with T2DM and that the glycosylation of component C3 may be involved in the development of T2DM.3. Kapok fiber:a natural biomaterial for highly specific and efficient enrichment of sialoglycopeptidesCancer development and chronic diseases are closely associated with the overexpression of sialoglycans. The enrichment and detection of sialoglycopeptides from complex peptides mixture still remains challenge due to their low abundance, low ionization, and losses of sialic acid residues and water molecules during analytical processes. In this study, kapok fiber, natural fibers derived from kapok tree (Bombax ceiba L), has shown excellent capability to specifically and efficiently enrich sialoglycopeptides, without losses of sialic acid residues and water molecule from sialoglycans. The main components on the surface of kapok fiber are syringyl and guaiacyl lignins which play an important role in isolating sialoglycopeptides from complex peptide mixture.4. Poplar catkin:a natural biomaterial for highly specific and efficient enrichment of sialoglycopeptidesSialic acids as terminal entities of larger glycans linked to proteins and lipids are involved in multiple different pathological and physiological processes. Structural characterisation of sialoglycoproteins is required to understand their biological function. However, a comprehensive sialylation analysis of sialoglycoproteins has remained challenges. In this study, we employ a natural biomaterial, poplar catkin derived from white poplar tree (Populus tomentosa Carr.), to develop a novel capturing microtip for selective and efficient enrichment of sialoglycopeptides, without losses of sialic acid residues and water molecules from sialoglycopeptides. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, along with Maule and Wiesner staining assays, indicated that the main components on the outer layer of the poplar catkin are syringyl and guaiacyl lignins which play a key role in enriching sialoglycopeptides from complex peptide mixture.