| ObjectiveMany pharmaceuticals unavoidably cause injury to other organs to different extend when taking pharmacodynamics effect , while some drugs such as streptomycin (SM) , gentamicin ( GM ) and salicylic acid (SA) etc possess very extensive application value in clinic , but can harm two or more organs at the same time, and lead to great influence on the normal life activity. The aminoglycoside antibiotics (AmAn ) have been drawing widespread attention and application because of their wide resisted fungus spectrum of the bactericidal action and high efficiency. Especially , streptomycin is an efficient drug to combat tuberculosis and has been used widely in clinic, but it can cause permanent acute auditory and renal damage. Gentamicin is the most extensive in clinic, but also has serious ototoxicity ( OTX) and nephrotoxicity. Because nephrotoxicity induced by aminoglycoside antibiotics occupies the first place at drug nephropathy, many researchers have studied its mechanism respectively and attempted to find a better method of prevention and treatment , but the effective therapy concerning the joint protection of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity has been gained definitely yet.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) , such as aspirin, possess better antipyretic action, analgesia, antiphagocytic and antirheumatic action. Many studies have been proved that this kind of drugs has antineoplastic and other actions. However , those drugs can cause variously untoward effect , and restrict on the extensive use in clinic , according to the clinical observation , the possibility of the renal injury caused by NSAIDs can be second only to aminoglycoside antibiotics . The salicylic acid ( SA) , as a kind of NSAIDs, has injury both to liver and kidneys, and still possesses serious ototoxicity . The ototoxicity of NSAIDs has not disputes, therefore , we can prepatat the ototoxicity modelwith SA in many studies, but the nephrotoxicity of this kind of drugs still has a lot of disputes at present . This kind of drugs are seldom used solely according to the report of Dong Zongqi, and NSAIDs's nephrotoxicity has not notable difference , which is probably related to the diagnotic standard of renal failure ( BUN > 35mg/dl) , but all advocate that the kidney function should be paid attention to monitoring to specially designated crowd with this kind of pharmaceuticals.As stated above , it is necessary to approach whether accompanied nephrotoxicity when impairment of ear caused by using drugs such as streptomycin , gentamicin and salicylic acid etc . It salso possesses important to research a safe , economic and effective precaution actuly significance and theory value when the ear injuried by using AmAn and NSAIDs.Tetrandrine ( Tet) is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, it is abstracted from rhizoma of stephania S. Moreover, the rhizoma as antipyretic ,analgesia and an-tiphagocytic drug has been used for centuries, many alkalod was abstracted from rhizoma of stephania S in 1953. Moreover , among them the most effective composition is Tet, many researchers discovered pharmacodynamics effects during their research course of half a century, at the same time they gained wonderful therapeutic effect in the clinical practice. This drug shows that power protective effect in organ damaged by ischemia and hypoxia and its antagonism have concerned in drugs induced organ toxic injury. However, it has not been reported a-bout whether the ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by SM, GM and AS has antagonism.Therefore , this study intend with threshold of ABR for detecting index of ototoxicity , detecting the urinary activity of NAG , measuring the level expression of Actin and TGF- l on kidney and using the in situ cell apoptosis and renal histology for approaching antagonism and its mechanism of tetrandrine in a-cute ear and renal injury induced by SM, GM and AS.Methods1. Animal grouping, model preparation and measuring items(1) SM : to divide the experimental guinea pigs ( healthy albinoa pigs of either...
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