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Experimental Reconstruction Of A Cervical Esophagus Segment Of The Dog With An Artificial Prosthesis By The Use Of A Polyurethane Stent Covered With Collagen-Chitosan Sponge

Posted on:2003-08-06Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X QinFull Text:PDF
GTID:1104360092965041Subject:Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Background: The current therapy for repair and replacement of the diseased esophagus is by excision of the diseased esophagus and use of autografts of viscus such as the stomach,the colon and the jejunal loops.Artificial materials used to reconstruct esophagus in situ which can minimize invasive surgery,simplify the operation and uninfluence the digestant function,carry much scientific significance and practical value. It had been over 50 years of the research of artificial esophagus since Dr. Berman of America firstly reported the experimental replacement of a segmental esophagus by use of polyethylene in 1951.Macromolecule materials such as silicone rubber, Teflon, carbon fibre et al had been made into artificial esophagus in the past researchs. Because of the bad tissue biocompatibility which cause the blood vessel and the tissue can not grow inside, esophageal epithelial can not be regenerated completely and native esophageal structures also can not be regenerated entirely, they were associated with serious complications,such as infection,anastomotic leakage,stenosis and dislocation of the artificial esophagus. In recent years,with the development of biomaterials and biomedical engineering,search and fabrication for esophagus substitute , artificial esophagus come to reality. Macromolecule biomaterials are the necessary results by penetrating and developing reciprocally of the macromolecule sciences and the life sciences, it also provides essential materials for the sanity and perfect body-function of human beings. Macromolecule biomaterials include mainly of composed material and natural material.Compared to the composed material for example the macromolecule polymer,which can be made into different shape and many capabilities including mechanical intensity, hydrophilic character ,degradable rate,et al can be controlled during the design and preparation, natural material for example the natural protein and amylose, have especial biological activities which seldom cause the immuno-exclusive reaction.The good biocompatibility and biodegradability which can apparently promote and induce the regenaration and repair of the tissular structure by appropriate modification and compound. Composing the two kinds of biological materials above can obtain not only the property of each portion,but also the new characteristic which the each material does not have. The artificial substitute with structure and property similar to the body's can be ued to repair,eplacement of the tissue and manufacture of the artificial organ. So we think that the research of artificial esophagus should be changed from the simplex pipeline to the self-regeneration of native esophagus. We have made the research of an artificial prosthesis composed of natural bioactive material and inert biomaterial to reconstruct a cervical esophagus segment of the dogs with Institute of Composed Materials of Shanghai Jiaotong University. The regenerated native esophagus can replace the artificial esophagus finally by a perfect match of regeneration of the neoesophagus and biodegradation of the biological materials provided a temporary stent and support by an inert biomaterial and an adequate three-dimensional structure with pores for the tissue regeneration by a bioactive material.Objective: 1. Study the proper material for the inner stent of artificial esophagus;2. Study the proper material for the outer sponge of artificial esophagus;3. evaluate the biological safety of the materials in vitro and in vivo;4. Study the feasibility of an artificial esophagus by the use of a polyurethane stent covered with collagen-chitosan sponge in reconstruction of the esophagus segment;5. Study the feasibility of transplantation of an artificial esophagus by engineering.Methods: 1.The design and selection of artificial esophagus: The stent material with a good conformability and flexibility ,a good modification and deformation ,easy antisepsis and sterilization should be a medical elastomer. According to silicone , we have mensur...
Keywords/Search Tags:Artificial esophagus, Esophageal reconstruction, Tissue engineering, Polyurethane, Collagen, Chitosan
PDF Full Text Request
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