| In order to investigate anti-bacteria and anti-tumor active and the chemical constituents of Yikouzhong (Eucalyptus globules Labill.), compounds were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of Yikouzhong by bio-assay with activities on anti-bacteria and anti-Pyricularia oryzae P-2b in vitro. 16 compounds were obtained by using column chromatography of silica gel, Sephadex LH-20. 11 of them were identified on the basis of spectral analysis (UV, IR, EI-MS, FAB-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR) and phytochemical properties as: cineole(1), (-guaiene (2), (-sitosterol (3), betulonic acid (4), betulininc acid (5), ursolic acid (6), alphitolic acid (7), corosolic acid (8), sitosterol-3-O-(-D-glucopyranoside (9), 8, 8'- dimethoxy -[4,4'] bi [dibenzpfuranyl] -3, 6, 7, 3', 6', 7'-2, 2'- di - [O - ( - Rha ] (10), [4, 4' ] bi [ dibenzofuranyl ] - 3, 6, 7, 8, 3', 6', 7', 8'- decaol - 2, 2'- di - [O - ( - Glu ] (11). Among them, compound 10, 11 are new two compounds, and compound 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 were isolated from Eucalyptus globules Labills. for the first time. Anti-hepatocarcinoma screening test suggested that compound 4, 5, 6 and 8 have growth inhibitions on BEL-7402 cells. Compound 4, 5, 6, 8 have activities on anti-HBV and activity anti-hepatocarcinoma by bio-assaed on HepG2.2.15 and BEL-7402 cell. It suggested that compound 4, 5, 6, 8 have activities on anti-tumor and anti-HBV. The constituents of ursolic acid, betulonic acid, betulinic acid and corosolic acid were determined by means of HPCE for the first time. The linearity range of ursolic acid, betulonic acid, betulinic acid and corosolic acid were 0.02~0.4 mg/ml, 0.02~0.4 mg/ml, 0.02~0.4 mg/ml, 0.004~0.08 mg/ml respectively with good linearity (r>0.999). The precision was less than 3%, the limit of detection (LOP) were 0.002, 0.002, 0.002, 0.0004mg/ml respectively. Based on the analytical method, we have developed the extraction process that usolic acid, betulonic acid betulinic acid colosolic acid had the quantity of 23.3%, 13.2%, 26.8%, 10.4% of the eucalyptus triterperoid acid (ETA) adding up to 73.6% which have achieved the demand for applying for type II new Chinese traditional medicine.Anti-melanoma in vivo experiment showed that the dose 125mg/kg of ETArestrained the growth of melanoma in C57 mouse by 52.9% and enhanced the level of TNF in macrophage cell and IL-2 in spleen cell induced by ConA significantly. It suggests that ETA can restrain melanoma growth through the enhancement of the immunity induced by the product IL-2 in spleen cells and the direct cytotoxic effect to melanoma by TNF. Anti-HBV test with ETA in vitro had been tested to show that ETA of 20 (g/ml inhibit HBsAg 52.9%, HbeAg 31.3% respectively, depending on the concentration and time. Through resource investigations as well as the collection of crude drug and plant specimens of Yikouahong in Jiangxi, Guangdong provinces and Guangxi autonomous region that indicated resources of this genus are very abundant. We had determined the contents of betulinic acid and ursolic acid and betulonic acid and colosolic acid in fruits of 14 species of Eucalyptus collected from different districts. It was found that all of 14 species of Eucalyptus had these 4 triterpenoid acids, but the contents vary greatly. It was also found that the fruit of E. globules L. having the highest contents of the 4 triterpenoid acids among the 14 species. Cluster analysis had been made by the results of HPCE. These fruits were divided into several chemical types, one group had only the fruit of E. globuluos owning to its highest content of triterpenoid acids. The fruit E. gradis Hill, E. citriodora Hook. f., and E. urophylla S which are also called yicouzhong in some rude drug markets clustered in one group because of having higher contents of triterpenoid acid. It suggested that E. globuluos be the real yicouzhong because of having the best quality among the 14 species. 17 compounds were identified by GC-MS from fruit Eucalyptus globules L.. The volatile compounds of other species of eucalyptus were identified by the m...
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