Three-Dimensional Reconstruction And Quantitative Assessment Method Of Mitral Eccentric Regurgitation

Mitral valve disease is one of the frequent diseases of heart disease; the recent statistical reports proved that mitral valve pathological change take 85 percent of heart rheumatism. Mitral valve insufficiency causes the mitral regurgitation, so it has important signification that research the mitral valve regurgitation.In the eighties of the twentieth century the color Doppler flow imaging technology come forth, color Doppler flow imaging is the most important tools for doctor to diagnosis the mitral regurgitation. Compare with other tools, it's facility, no side-effect and cheap. It also has shortages such as heavy speckle noise and low resolution. So it becomes the most important fields that diagnosis the complex mitral regurgitation and quantitative analysis from the color Doppler flow images.Transthoracic Echocardiography and Transesophageal Echocardiography (TTE and TEE) plays an important role in the assessment of the mitral regurgitation mechanism, origin position, regurgitation severity level and residual regurgitation amount after surgical operation, however, it's difficult to exactly observe and measure the regurgitation from the two-dimensional real-time echocardiograph. It's difficult to give the objective assessment of the mitral regurgitation,especially for the eccentric regurgitation and there is subjective assertion, underestimation and wider error band from the two-dimensional Doppler echocardiograph; Moreover, there is no golden standard of the clinic mitral regurgitation measurement; it's needed to develop true objective observing and new quantitative assessment method. Based on the two-dimensional color Doppler image and the three-dimensional rconstruction method in this article, the technique of three-dimensional reconstruction and the color Doppler flow image is combined to implement the description of the mitral regurgitation velocity space distribution, which can be used in observing the position, direction and measuring the jet length, area, volume, space distribution and severity level of the mitral regurgitation, especially more accurate semi-quantitative assessment of the complex mitral eccentric regurgitation, compared to the traditional method, by calculating the volume of the mitral regurgitation, the regurgitation severity level specification could be given. The accurate assessment of mitral eccentric regurgitation is of great clinic significance. First, TTE method is used to acquire original mitral centric regurgitation echocardiography. According to the characteristic of speckle noise in ultrasound images, mathmitical morphological filter is used to suppress speckle and preserve the details in these images. Then the images are reorganized according to their corresponsive acquisition angle after the extraction of region of interest. A direct matching interpolation method is utilized to get regular volume data from discrete distribution of ultrasound information points. This volume data can be visualized with surface rendering and volume rendering algorithm, which can be used in observing the position, direction and measuring the jet length, area, volume, space distribution and severity level of the mitral regurgitation, the experiment result is of of great clinic significance.Then, Multiplane transesophageal rotational scanning method is used to acquire original Doppler echocardiography while echocardiogram is recorded synchronously. After filtering and interpolation, the surface rendering and volume rendering methods are performed. Through analyzing the color-bar information and the color Doppler flow image's superposition principle, the grayscale mitral anatomical structure and color-coded regurgitation velocity parameter were seperated from color Doppler flow images, three-dimensional reconstruction of mitral structure and regurgitation velocity distribution was implemented separately, fusion visualization of the reconstructed regurgitation velocity distribution parameter with its corresponding 3D mitral anatomical structures was realized, whi...