Effects Of The Related Factors Of Environment And Mutation Of The Uncoupling Protein 2 Gene On The Simple Obesity In Children

The obesity had become a world public hygiene problem. In The World Health Report 2002 published by WHO, obesity had been list as one of the factor of first-degree ten greatest risks in the world that affect the human health. Obesity can enhance the incidence of many chronic diseases such as the fat liver, high blood pressure, high blood adiposity, coronary heart disease, diabetes and some tumors. The adult obesity rate was very high, and the treatment was very difficult. Child obesity become one of important and dangerous factors for adult obesity. To prevent adult obesity on the cost benefit analysis of economy hygiene, research to child obesity and adopting prevention on children were the most affective methods. The study analyzed the effects of the related factors of environment and mutation of the uncoupling protein 2(UCP2) gene on the simple obesity in children aged 6—12 years.The cross-sectional investigation which measured the weight and height of 15701 pupils were done in 1995 and 2002 in Chengdu. Results showed that the percentages of simple obesity had already greatly increased. The obesity rate of the city boy in 1995 was 3.2%~12.4%, average 7.9%;Girl was 1.6%~8.3%, average 4.6%, boy higher than the girl( p<0.01). In 2002 the rate of boy was 8.1%~26.2%, average 16.7%;Girl was 4.9%~15.1%, average 9.4%, boy higher than girl,too( p<0.05). For those in the suburbs, the percentages in boy in 1995 was 1.9%~7.6%, average 4.2%;Girl was 1.3%~2.9%, average 2.0%, boy higher than girl( p<0.01).In 2002 the percentages in boy was 3.5%~14.9%, average 8.6%;Girl was 2.8%~8.6%, average 4.9%, and also with the boy higher than girl( p<0.05).Whether in the city or suburban area, the rate of obese childrenwas all doubly increased, to attain 2.0-2.6 times. In 1995 the rate exceeded 10% only in 9-12 years old city boy, the rest was all lower than 10%.In 2002 it was over 10% in 7-12 years old city boy, and 9-12 years old city boy had already exceeded 20%, 9-12 years old of city girl and suburban boy as well exceeded 10%. The highest obesity incidence was seen in children at 9-12 years of age. The results suggested that intervention measures should be taken to control simple obesity in children, particularly those aged 9-12 years.The effects of the related factors of environment and inherit factors on the obese children of school age had been studied by questionnaire. The case-control study suggested the obesity rate of obese children's father or mother was obvious higher than the control ( P<0.01) ; Odds ratio(OR) was 14.08 when father and mother both obese. In the Logistic analysis,it was 3.203.The fat father or mother was an important and dangerous factor for child.The fat degree of child have relationship with parent's obese, and parent was more fat, the fat degree of child is more high. Moreover, severe child obesity may be more easily caused by mother fat.The bearing weight of obese child was obviously heavier than thecontrol child(obese group: mean=3.25, s=0.452; control group: mean =3.19, s=0.473, P=0.003). It was more heavier as obese child was more fatter. The mixture feeding rate in obese group was obvious more than the control, and breast feeding rate less than the control( P<0.01).In family environments, parents' occupation may be not affect child's obese degree. The mother's culture had some effect on child's obese.The child obesity rate was higher than the control when family income per month was in 1000 ~ 3 000 yuan. If parents hold the idea that obesity was healthy, OR of the obese group was 14.406 times of control.The parent scarcely hint or force the obese child to eat some certain foods.The obese child's appetite was good, liked to eat the sweetmeat, fry food, meat, usually drink beverage, eat and drink too much at one meal.their eating velocity was obvious quick. Child drinked too much milk everyday may cause the child obesity increasing.The percentage whose exercise time everyday less than 30 minutes in obese children was obviously more than the control( P<0.01). The obese child spend much more time on watching TV or playing computer or doing homework everyday than the control( PO.01). The advertisement influenced the behaviors of choosing foods for obese child.Report about researching the relationship on UCP2 gene Ala55Val variation and child simple obesity had not been found. The effects of UCP2 gene variation on children obesity had been studied by molecular epidemiology. UCP2 gene Ala55Val mutation was dividedinto three kinds of genotype: AA genotype(normal), AV genotype(heterrozygote) and VV genotype(purezygote).The difference of UCP2 gene Ala55Val genotypes between obese and control group was not significance( P>0.05).BMI of children with VV mutation was higher than the AA and AV genotype (PO.Ol).Skinfold of those children with VV mutation was obviously higher than the AA type(P<0.05). The thickness of waist or hip with VV mutation was obviously higher than the normal type.The results found that the UCP2 gene Ala55Val mutation affected child body composition and body fatness. It hinted that the VV mutation may play more important role.The results also showed that UCP2 gene Ala55Val mutation may cause the change of level of TG, TC and LDL-C in children. The level of TG, TC and LDL-C in those children with VV mutation had been obviously higher than the AA genotype(P<0.05).The obesity rate of mother whose children with VV mutation was higher than those normal children. Effects of the related factors of environment on UCP2 gene Ala55Val mutation had not been showed.