| Research backgroundMultidrug resistance (MDR) means malignant cells are cross resistance to many other structurally and functionally unrelated anticancer drugs once they are resistant to a single anticancer drug. Primary or secondary MDR are the main reasons of failure leukemia chemotherapy. Recent research indicate that the mechanisms of MDR are very complicated. Many kinds of mechanisms contribute to MDR, mainly including changes in membrane glycoprotein mediated drugs transportation, in drug target, in metabolic detoxification, in apoptosis,in DNA repair and in telomerase abnormality. The mechanism of high expression of mdr-1/P-glycoprotein was recognized earliestly and was investigated most extensively. Many papers reported that majority of refractory and relapsed leukemia and many solid neoplasm,such as mammary gland cancer, ovary cancer, lymphoma, head and cervical cancer and so on, and their metastasis tissue have high expression of mdr-1/P-gp. Finding reversal agent aimed to high P-gp expression is the key subject to MDR reversing.Deeply research in MDR and meliorating chemotherapy results of leukemia are the most problem to be solved. To find reversal agents of MDR was a hot research topic in domestic and overseas in the past 20 years. Many kinds of agents, such as verapamil and cyclosporine, have been found. But they were limited used in clinic because of their side effects including toxicity in cardiovascular system,immunity inhibition, renal toxicity and others. So many researchers did lots of work finding new reversal agents in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) which have...
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