| Objective: To modify orthotopic liver transplantation in rats; to unravel the mechanism and the impact of cold ischemia on early acute rejection in rat liver allografts.Methods: Two methods were used for establishment of orthotopic liver transplantation in rats, one was Kamada' s two-cuff method, and the other was modified method. The technical date were recorded; BN (Rt1~n and LEW (Rt1~1) rats were randomly divided into four groups. Recipients' specimens were collected for test .Results: The successful rate of operation was 78.9% (71/90) and 92%(69/75) for Kamada' s and modified method, respectively. There was statistical difference between the two methods(P<0.05). No difference was found as for total operative time, anhepatic time and the recipient operative time; Prolonged cold ischemia not only up-regulated the expression of NF-κB, ICAM-1 and HSP70, but also advanced peak value of the expression of them. There was a significant correlation between expression of HSP70 and reject activity index in allografts groups. TUNEL method showed the level of apoptosis after transplant was increased in long cold ischemia time groups. There was a significant difference in two weeks survival rate between two allografts groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: The modified model provides a practical and stable experimental model for the study of liver transplantation; cold ischemia may predispose the liver allograft to the development of acute rejection, in part, not only through the upregulation of the expression of MHC-II, ICAM-1 and the activation of NF-κB, but also through the increased synthesis of HSP70 and the apoptosis of hepatocytes.
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