| The research of brain function including learning and memory is one of the most important subjects for development of neuropsychological science. It is well known that amnesia is not limited to any special ages, it was found in childhood, youth and old age stage. Although human intelligence is increasing at high level, but only 10-20 percent of intellectual potential has been used for a person. Scientists desire to develop new drugs that possess anti-aging, ameliorate amnesia, improve normal intelligence, explore brain capability .At present, there are many drugs that affect learning and memory, but they have not be used widely because of undefined curative effect or serious side effect. Clausenamide is a compound isolated from clausena Lansium (lour) shells , its partial chemical structure is similar to pharmacolophore of piracetam, and there are two phenyl rings which have much stronger hydrophobicity, so that it is helpful for clausenamide to reach CNS through blood-brain barrier. Now, it has been synthesized and resoluted into levorotatory [(-)] and dextorotatory [(+)] clausenamide by our chemists. In the previous study, clausenamide was shown to improve acquisition and consolidation of memory in animal amnesia model; and the nootropic action of (-)clausenamide is more potent than ( ± )clausenamide. So we compared pharmacological effects of (-) clausenamide and (+)clausenamide and investigated the nootropic mechanism of (-) clausenamide in cholinergic nervous system, NMDA-receptor regulation, protein synthesis, membrane fluidity, neuronal apoptosis , long-term potentiation induction and production, IEG expression . The results are as follows:...
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