Anatomic Study Of The Soft Tissues And Vessels In The Temporo-parieto-frontal Region And Its Clinical Application

The skin-fascial flap in the temporo-parieto-frontal region has been used for eyebrow, eyelid, nose, ear, lips and temporomandibuiar joint reconstruction. The free fascial flap in this region has been transferred to the hands and tower extremities. Although detailed studies of the layers and vascularities of the scalp have been reported, the lack of unanimity on nomenclature and incomplete descriptions of the layers of the scalp have led to considerable confusion. In addition, the venous architecture of the scalp is unclear. According to the clinical data of the skin-fascial flap transplantation on the scalp in recent years, the incidence of the flap necrosis caused by obstruction of venous drainage is much higher than that by insufficient arterial supply.In order to clarify our understanding of their blood supply in different layers and the vessel architecture, we made anatomic studies through dye injection of latex and corrosioncast combining the macro-micro-anatomy in 7 fresh cadavers. We emphasized on the loose connective tissue layer (subgaleal fascia) and the relationship between the axial arteries and veins. The results were obtained below.1. The frontal or parietal branch of the superficial temporal artery usually has one concomitant vein, but the distance between them is rather long. In some cases, the vein is absent.2. The supratrochear vein loosely accompanies its homonymous artery, but the distance between them is shorter than that of the frontal or parietal branch. One set of arterial system has at least one set of venous system to accompany.