| Background: Adult bone marrow stem cells may be a promising cell source for myocardial repair by promoting angiogenesis and myogenesis. Nonetheless, bone marrow transplantation is a complicated process involved in bone marrow withdraw, isolation, culture and injecton. The mobilization of bone marrow stem cells by cytokine for cell-based therapy should greatly simplify the procurement of stem cells and might offer a noninvasive therapeutic strategy for the repair of damaged myocardium. Therefore, this study was designed to test the therapeutic potential and safety of stem cells mobilized by GM-CSF (Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor) to repair cardiac injury in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction.Methods: A moderate-sized myocardial infarction model was created by proximal ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Then the infracted rats were randomly assigned to receive GM-CSF injection subcutaneously at a dose of 50 ug/kg/day for 7 consecutive days (GM group) or receive saline injection as contral group (GC group). The sham-operated (SO group) animals underwent the same procedure without ligation of the coronary artery and received saline injection. Peripheral blood was drawn for leukocyte counts and cardiac...
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