Effects Of AOPP On ICAM-1 Expression And The Signaling Pathways In Human Vascular Endothelial Cells

BackgroundAdvanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) were the final cross-linking products of protein oxidation which had been found in the plasma of dialysis patients in 1996. In vitro, exposure of purified plasma albumin to chlorinated oxidants triggered the formation of AOPPs in an oxidant concentration-dependent manner. Serum AOPPs levels elevated in patients with mild chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and increased with the depravation of renal function, culminating in patients on maintaining dialysis. Serum AOPPs levels were closely related to dityrosine, a marker of protein oxidation, and neopterin, one of the monocyte activation markers. A negative correlation was also found between serum AOPPs levels and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Therefore, AOPPs were thought to be a novel marker of oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Moreover, AOPPs triggered the oxidative burst and the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines in neutrophils as well as in monocytes in vitro and the intensity of the respiratory burst was dependent on the level of protein oxidation, indicating that AOPPs might act as a...